学校规模经济效应及其政策反思  

School Economies of Scale and Its Policy Reflections

作　　者：雷万鹏[1] 谢瑶[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学教育学院 [2]江西科技师范大学商学院

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2013年第5期49-58,90,共11页Global Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学重点课题"城镇化进程中的教育变迁研究"(项目编号:AHA090003);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"义务教育学校布局问题研究"(项目编号:09JZD0035);教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"(2011年)资助项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：撤并小规模学校,兴办大规模学校成为新一轮学校布局调整的主导模式。义务教育阶段是否存在教育规模经济效应?如何理解地方政府的教育决策行为?如何运用规模经济理论指导布局调整决策?本文基于11个省调研数据,实证探究了学校规模经济效应并对其进行了反思。研究发现:我国义务教育阶段存在显著的教育规模经济效应,但从教育发展与学校多元价值视角看,我国学校布局调整政策应遵循公平优先的价值导向,实施"反规模经济效应"政策。对于小规模学校不仅不能随意撤并,更应当提高教育投入权重,以差异化投入补偿小规模学校的成本消耗。在战略定位、公用经费拨款和优质师资保障等方面为小规模学校构建"优先发展区"。＂Closing small schools, establishing large schools＂ is the dominant mode of the new round school-layout adjustment in China. Do the school economies of scale exist in China＇s compulsory education？ How to understand the educational decision-making behavior of the local govenament？ How to use economies of scale theory guide the decision-making of school-layout adjustment？ Based on the data of 11 provinces＇ survey, this paper discusses the school economies of scale and reflects the policies. Research shows that： There is a significant educational economy of scale in China＇s compulsory education. But from the perspective of the development of education and the diversity of school value, the justice should be prior considered, the ＂Scale of Diseconomy＂ policy should be implemented in China＇s school-layout adjustment. Small schools cannot be closing readily, and should be increased the weight of investment, with differentiated compensation. Consider the strategic positioning, public funds and quality teachers＇ guarantee, a ＂priority development areas＂ should be built for Small Schools＇ development.

关 键 词：义务教育 学校布局调整 规模经济效应 小规模学校 

分 类 号：G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]