地震经历对插入空白间隔的汉字知觉干扰效应的影响  

Effect of Earthquake Experience on the Perceptual Interference with Unfilled Intervals in Chinese Characters

作　　者：杨昕岳[1,2] 王权红[1] 陆其林[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部暨教育部认知与人格重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]新乡医学院三全学院,新乡453003

出　　处：《心理学报》2013年第5期517-522,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：西南大学心理学部2012研究团队建设项目(TR201207-4)

摘　　要：以插入空白间隔的汉字知觉干扰效应为实验范式,探讨了不同长短的空白间隔对地震相关字和无关字的影响。结果发现:(1)在实验组中,与地震无关字相比,被试对地震相关字有更高的识别率;而在对照组中,被试对地震相关字和无关字的识别率差异不显著。(2)450ms的间隔能导致地震无关字干扰效应的消失,却不会对地震相关字的识别造成干扰。本研究支持竞争激活假说,并为情绪驱动知觉加工的观点提供证据。The perceptual interference effect states that a moderately degraded stimulus is less readily identified when depicted in a sequence of exposures from a highly degraded form than when presented all at once （standard condition）. Thirty-two middle-school students from Mianzhu City （an earthquake-prone area）, Sichuan province, China, were selected as major （experimental） participants, while thirty-two middle-school students from Beibei, Chongqing were chosen as control participants. This study, which consisted of two experiments （major and control）, explored the effect of earthquake experience on the identification of Chinese characters with a paradigm of perceptual interference with unfilled interval （blank screen between exposures）. The participants in each experiment were required to identify fragmented target characters in eight conditions by typing down the identity of each target. These conditions resulted from a within-participant design of 2 （material conditions： earthquake-related and unrelated characters） × 4 （presentation conditions, namely, three incremental conditions with interval durations of 0, 450, 900 ms, and the standard condition）. These two experiments were combined into a dummy experiment of a mixed design for further analyses. Repeated measures analyses of variance were first conducted on percentages of the correct completion of target fragments. The major experiment indicated a significant difference in the performance between material conditions. The interference effect remained for earthquake-related characters in the critical 450 ms condition, while the effect for the unrelated characters disappeared. By contrast, the control experiment showed no difference in performance between material conditions. More critically, the results found no difference in the identification of the unrelated characters （i.e., recognition ability） between the control and major participants, yet the interference effect disappeared even for the earthquake-related characters in th

关 键 词：汶川地震 汉字识别 知觉干扰效应 空白间隔 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]