溶剂体系与无溶剂体系下大豆油脱胶工艺比较研究  

Comparison of degumming process of soybean oil in solvent & solvent-free systems

作　　者：朱生辉[1] 毕艳兰[1] 范林恩[1] 刘翠芳[1] 马传国[1] 杨国龙[1] 孙尚德[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国油脂》2013年第5期16-19,共4页China Oils and Fats

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD02B01);河南工业大学校科学研究基金研究生教育创新计划项目(11YJCX29)

摘　　要：在溶剂体系(正己烷)与无溶剂体系下对大豆油脱胶工艺进行了比较研究。结果表明:溶剂体系下,对大豆油脱胶效果影响最大的因素是油与溶剂比,其次是加水量,而反应温度、反应时间影响较小。将含溶剂大豆油(大豆油与正己烷质量比4.0∶1)预热至60℃,添加6%(占油质量)的水,10 000 r/min下均质1 min,搅拌反应30 min后获得的脱胶油磷脂含量可降至136.0 mg/kg(磷含量5.2 mg/kg),脱胶率达99.5%,脱胶油酸值降低,甘一酯基本消失。无溶剂体系下添加酸类脱胶剂时脱胶油磷脂含量可降至58.6 mg/kg。与无溶剂体系相比,溶剂体系下获得的脱胶副产物磷脂色泽更浅,品质更好。The soybean oil degumming process was studied in system. The results showed that in solvent system, the most solvent system （hexane） and solvent - free significant factor affecting degumming rate was the ratio of soybean oil to solvent, followed by the water dosage, nevertheless, reaction temperature and reaction time were less remarkable. Under the degumming conditions of mass ratio of soybean oil to hexane 4.0： 1, reaction temperature 60 ~C, water dosage 6% （ based on the mass of soybean oil）, homo- geneous time 1 min under 10 000 r/min, reaction time 30 min, the phospholipids content of the de- gummed oil could reduce to 136.0 mg/kg （ phosphorus content 5.2 mg/kg）, degumming rate was 99.5%, acid value of the degummed oil lowered and monoglyceride disappeared. In solvent -free system, phospholipid content could reduce to 58.6 mg/kg after adding acid degumming agent. Phospholip- ids obtained from degumming in solvent system had lighter color and better quality comparing with phos- pholipids from solvent -free system.

关 键 词：大豆油 脱胶 溶剂体系 无溶剂体系 磷脂 色泽 

分 类 号：TS225.13[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]