Application and interpretation of current autophagy inhibitors and activators  

作　　者：Ya-ping YANG Li-fang HU Hui-fen ZHENG Cheng-jie MAO Wei-dong HU Kang-ping XIONG Fen WANG Chun-feng LIU 

机构地区：[1]Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China [2]Institute of Neuroscience,Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China

出　　处：《Acta Pharmacologica Sinica》2013年第5期625-635,共11页中国药理学报（英文版）

基　　金：Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No 81171213）, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China （No BK2010228）, the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China （No 10KJB320016） and Plans for Gradu- ate Research and Innovation in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province （No CX10B-0492）.

摘　　要：is the major intracellular degradation system, by which cytoplasmic materials are delivered to and degraded in the lyso- some. As a quality control mechanism for cytoplasmic proteins and organelles, autophagy plays important roles in a variety of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and infectious and inflammatory diseases. The discovery of ATG genes and the dissection of the signaling pathways involved in regulating autophagy have greatly enriched our knowledge on the occurrence and development of this lysosomal degradation pathway. In addition to its role in degradation, autophagy may also promote a type of programmed cell death that is different from apoptosis, termed type II programmed cell death. Owing to the dual roles of autophagy in cell death and the specificity of diseases, the exact mechanisms of autophagy in various diseases require more investigation. The application of autophagy inhibitors and activators will help us understand the regulation of autophagy in human diseases, and provide insight into the use of autophagy-targeted drugs. In this review, we summarize the latest research on autophagy inhibitors and activators and discuss the possibility of their application in human disease therapy.is the major intracellular degradation system, by which cytoplasmic materials are delivered to and degraded in the lyso- some. As a quality control mechanism for cytoplasmic proteins and organelles, autophagy plays important roles in a variety of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and infectious and inflammatory diseases. The discovery of ATG genes and the dissection of the signaling pathways involved in regulating autophagy have greatly enriched our knowledge on the occurrence and development of this lysosomal degradation pathway. In addition to its role in degradation, autophagy may also promote a type of programmed cell death that is different from apoptosis, termed type II programmed cell death. Owing to the dual roles of autophagy in cell death and the specificity of diseases, the exact mechanisms of autophagy in various diseases require more investigation. The application of autophagy inhibitors and activators will help us understand the regulation of autophagy in human diseases, and provide insight into the use of autophagy-targeted drugs. In this review, we summarize the latest research on autophagy inhibitors and activators and discuss the possibility of their application in human disease therapy.

关 键 词：AUTOPHAGY cancer neurodegenerative diseases PI3K inhibitor CYCLOHEXIMIDE lysosomal lumen alkalizer Rack1 protein ERstress inducer rapamycin LiCl 

分 类 号：Q523[生物学—生物化学] TD923.14[矿业工程—选矿]