基于加速度严重指数的公路路侧危险度评估  

Evaluating Roadside Hazard Rating Based on Acceleration Severity Index

作　　者：龙科军[1,2] 李寅[1] 雷正保[2] 郑健龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]长沙理工大学电力与交通安全监控及节能技术教育部工程研究中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2013年第3期143-149,157,共8页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAG13A02);湖南省科技计划重点项目(2010WK4001);广东省交通科技项目(2010-02-038)

摘　　要：为了定量评估二、三级公路路侧危险程度,以确定路侧护栏防护等级,并为制定安全改善方案提供依据,提出了一种基于乘员风险的路侧危险分级新方法,乘员风险指标采用加速度严重指数(Acceleration Severity Index,ASI)表征;利用软件VPG3.2和LS-DYNA971,选择5类典型路侧障碍物、2类护栏和15种路堤边坡组合,针对小客车、大客车和大货车开展了59组碰撞仿真试验,获取碰撞过程中车辆重心纵向、横向和竖向的加、减速度曲线,进而得到ASI序列样本;采用Fish-er最优分割算法确定了路侧危险度合理分级数和各级所对应的ASI阈值。结果表明:5类路侧障碍物中,F形混凝土护栏端部对车辆和人员伤害最严重,其他依次为树木、突出山石、标志立柱和路侧边沟;当路堤边坡高度超过4m且坡率陡于1∶1时,车辆坠入边坡的损伤严重度将超过碰撞二波波形梁护栏,与碰撞F形混凝土护栏相当。In order to quantify roadside hazard rating at secondary and tertiary highways, accordingly to provide foundation and consultation for designing roadside guardrail and safety improvement countermeasures, a novel numerical method for evaluating roadside hazard rating was proposed based on the safety of occupants during the crash： acceleration severity index （ASI）. A total of 59 crash scenarios, involving five typical roadside obstacles, two types of guardrails, fifteen embankment slopes, and three types of vehicles （car, bus, and truck）, were designed to simulate crash with VPG3.2 and LS-DYNA971 software. The x, y, and z direction velocity and acceleration （or deceleration） curves of the vehicle＇s mass center during each crash test were obtained, followed by acceleration severity index ASI. The Fisher optimal division algorithm was used to cluster the ASI values to identify an appropriate number of roadside hazard rating and the corresponding threshold values that demarcate these levels. The results show that among these five roadside obstacles, the F concrete guardrail end is the most serious obstacle forvehicle body and driver or passengers, followed by tree, protruded stone, sign post and roadside ditch; when vehicle crashes into the embankment slope higher than 4 m and steeper than 1 ： 1, the crash injury is more serious than that of vehicle crashing with steel-beam guardrail, and equivalent to injury of vehicle crashing with the F concrete guardrail.

关 键 词：交通工程 路侧危险度 汽车碰撞仿真 加速度严重指数 最优分割算法 交通安全 

分 类 号：U491.8[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]