高脂饮食对SD大鼠肝脏及胰岛B细胞的损伤  

Hepatic injury and islet B cell damage of SD rats induced by high-fat diet

作　　者：张涛[1] 刘源[1] 赵爽[1] 马兰芝[1] 定明[1] 李微[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院实验动物中心,北京100071

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2013年第5期325-328,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31071986)

摘　　要：目的分析长期过量摄入脂肪对大鼠肝脏及胰岛B细胞的影响。方法本研究采用24只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组,对照组(NC)给予普通日粮,高脂组(HF)给予脂肪热量比为46.43%的高脂日粮,喂养16周后测定空腹血糖(FPG)、胰岛素(FINS)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),胰岛素敏感性采用胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)计算,ISI=Ln1/(FPG×FINS),肝脏油红O染色观察脂肪沉积情况,胰岛、肝脏透射电镜分析超微结构改变,数据采用t检验统计分析。结果 HF组血清FINS、FFA、AST、ALT比对照组分别升高了22.63%、15.35%、11.94%、8.86%(P<0.01),ISI降低了8.25%(P<0.05),血糖水平与对照组差异无统计学意义(P=0.194);HF组肝细胞线粒体增大、内室肿胀、嵴减少,细胞质内有大量脂滴;胰岛B细胞分泌颗粒增大,晕环明显增宽。结论长期高脂饮食导致大鼠肝脏脂肪沉积、肝细胞线粒体肿胀、肝功能降低,胰岛B细胞结构损伤,胰岛素敏感性下降。Objective To explore the effect of a long high-fat diet on the damage of liver and islet B cell in SD rats. Methods 24 normal male SD rats were randomly divided into high fat diet group （HF） and control group （NC）. Rats in HF group were fed with high fat food containing 46.43% lipid, while rats in NC group were fed with normal food 16 weeks later. Blood samples were collected to measure the serum levels of glucose （FPG）, insulin （FINS）, free fatty acids （FFA）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine amin- otransferase （ALT）. The insulin sensitivity was estimated by ISI index, ISI = Lnl/ （FPG X FINS）. Lipid deposition in liver was evaluated by oil red staining, and ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes and islet B cells were observed under transmission electron microscope. T-test was used to analyze the data. Results The se- rum levels＇of FINS, FFA, AST and ALT in HF group increased by 22. 630/00, 15.35%, 11.94% and 8.86% compared to those in NC group （P〈0.01）, while ISI decreased by 8. 25% （P〈0.01） . The differ- ence of FPG level was not statistically significant （P= 0. 194） . Compared to NC group, markedly abnormal morphology was observed in hepatocytes in HF group, including hepatic mitochondria swelling, loss of cris- tae, lipid droplets deposition in hepatocyte, and secretory granules were larger in islet B cells. Conclusions Over intake of fat can significantly lead to ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes and islet B cells, which in turn result in the malfunction of these cells.

关 键 词：高脂饮食 肝脏 胰岛B细胞 胰岛素敏感性 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学]