近代中国乡村教育的困境  

Dilemma of Contemporary China's Rural Education

作　　者：戴鞍钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2013年第3期101-105,113,共6页Journal of Shaoxing University

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目(11AZS006);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(07JJD770098)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：近代以前,中国城乡的教育与科举制度相联系,属传统文化的范畴。这种局面,在近代随着开埠通商和与工业文明相联系的新式教育的展开,发生变化。清朝政府宣布改革教育制度和废除科举后,新式教育的发展很大程度上得助于以通商口岸为主体的近代文化和工商业的发展。无此依托的广大农村,则明显衰弱。一旦有机会走出乡村求学乃至出洋留学者,很少有人学成后再回到农村;即使那些土生土长的读书人,也不愿呆在农村。城乡间近代文化教育的联系微弱,甚至呈现出明显的断层。Prior to contemporary times, China＇ s urban and rural education belonged to the category of traditional culture related to the imperial examination system. Great changes have taken place since the beginning of brand - new education closely associated with the opening and trading with foreigners and industrial civilization in contemporary times. After the Qing Government＇s proclamation of the reform of educational system and abolishment of the imperial examination system, the development of new education rested heavily on the development of modern culture and commerce and industry centered round the treaty ports. There was a clear inadequacy in the wide expanse of rural areas when it came to education. Fewer of those who had the opportunity to leave their hometown to study in cities or even abroad were willing to go back to the country upon graduation; even those native students were unwilling to stay in the rural areas. Thus, there was little relation between urban and rural education, leading to the apparent gap between them.

关 键 词：近代中国 乡村教育 新式教育 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]