我国学校生物学科的确立与早期发展  

The Establishment and Early Development of School Biology in China

作　　者：李雁冰[1] 陆思思[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学课程与教学研究所

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2013年第6期75-87,106,共14页Global Education

基　　金：作者主持的教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究课题"我国学校学科及教科书的历史演进"(项目编号:11JJD880015);国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题"我国科学教育的历史发展与价值转型研究"(项目编号:BHA100056)的研究成果之一

摘　　要：最早的生物学随着西学东渐之风传入我国,并由教会学校最早纳入学校教育。清末的两个学堂章程初步奠定了生物学科在我国正规学校教育中的地位,民国初年得以持续发展。1922年的课程改革,以教育民主化和科学化为宗旨,生物学科得以系统地确立于我国学校学科系统,并为其后来的发展确定了基调。其目标、教学方法、乃至教学内容的处理,对我们今天的学校生物学科仍极具启示。The earliest input of the subject matters biology to China happened in the tide of ＂intro- ducing western learning to east＂ from late 16th Century on. The early missionary schools adopted biology to school suhjects in China. The two regulations on school system in late Qing Dynasty pri- marily established the role of school biology in Chinese formal schooling, and this tendency was con- tinued in the early stage of the Republic of China. 1922 Curriculum Reform, aiming at educational democratization and scientification, systematically and formally established ＂school biology＂ in Chi- nese school system, and laid the keystone of its late development. The new curriculum objectives and contents, and inquiry - based teaching in biology are valuable and enlightening for today＇ s curriculum reform.

关 键 词：生物学 学校学科 学制 

分 类 号：G633.91[文化科学—教育学]