196名医护人员午餐饮食行为状况研究  

Survey on lunch behaviors of 196 medical staff

作　　者：梁小红[1] 王庆雄[2] 陈紫娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东药学院公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,广东广州510310 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院 [3]广东药学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第12期2228-2230,2233,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解医护人员午餐饮食行为、膳食结构、对午餐及营养的态度、营养知识水平,为针对医护人员进行营养教育提供参考依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取广东省部分地区医院的医生、护士196名进行问卷调查。结果 196名医护人员中,78.06%的人认为午餐重要,64.80%表示午餐一定要有蔬菜,仅14.80%对午餐就餐环境满意、10.20%对午餐质量满意;认为午餐需从多方面改进;35.20%较关注膳食结构合理性;91.84%愿意为健康改变不良饮食方式,82.65%希望了解更多饮食营养知识,93.37%认为营养对人健康很重要;听说过或看过《指南》、《宝塔》仅占41.84%;较多人最喜欢从书籍、杂志或报刊(54.08%)、电视(32.65%)得到营养知识;81.12%的人能按时及基本按时就餐,午餐在外就餐占75%,53.57%用餐少于20min,选择午餐前三位因素为:营养卫生(38.78%)、便利性(34.18%)、口味(10.20%);93.87%以大米及制品为主食,量多数符合要求,蔬菜食量偏少,畜、禽肉量偏多,水果、粗杂粮、豆类及制品等摄取量不足。营养知识回答正确率在62.24%～97.45%;营养知识知晓程度,医生比护士好,广州市内医院医护人员优于其他市医院,差异有统计学意义。结论多数医护人员对午餐及营养态度积极,午餐行为较好,午餐膳食结构基本合理,但应适当增加蔬菜、水果、粗杂粮、豆类及制品等,就餐环境有待改善,营养知识回答多数人正确,医护人员营养知识水平有待提高。OBJECTIVE To investigate the lunch behaviors, dietary-pattern, attitude to lunch and nutrition and nutrition knowledge of medical staff so as to provide evidence for nutrition education in medical staff. METHODS Questionnaire survey was conducted to a cluster sample of 196 medical staff in several hospitals of Guangdong. RESULTS Most of participants thought that having lunch （78.06%） and taking vegetables in lunch （64.80%） was essential. 14.80% of them were satisfied with lunch circumstance and 10.20% of them were satisfied with lunch quality. 35.20% of them cared the dietary-pattern and 91.84% of them wanted to change their eating habit for health. 82.65% of them hoped to know more nutrition knowledge. 93.37% of them thought that nutrition was very important for health. Only 41.84% of medical staff knew the dietary guideline and pagoda for Chinese. Most of participants liked to get nutrition knowledge from book, journal, newspapers and periodicals （54.08%） , television （32.65%）. 81.12% of them had lunch on time. 75% of them ate out. 53.57% of them took less 20 minute on lunch. The main factors affected the choice of lunch were as follows： nutrition and health （38.78%）, convenience （34.18%）, taste （10.20%）. 93.87% of them chose rice and products as staple food and most of them took adequate staple food, but vegetable, fruit, roughage and legume, and products were deficient.Livestock and birds were more than recom- mendation. The right rate of the answer to nutrition knowledge was 62.24%-97.45%, doctors were better than nurses and those hospitals in Guangzhou were better than other hospitals. CONCLUSION Most of participants have positive attitude to lunch and nutrition and have good dietary-pattern. The amount of vegetable, fruit, roughage, legume and products should be increased while the lunch circumstance should be improved too. Most of participants can give right answer on nutrition knowl- edge. Medical staff should learn more nutrition knowledge.

关 键 词：医护人员 午餐 行为 营养知识 

分 类 号：R151.41[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]