现代日语中的双重限定句式——以「ただ」和「だけ」为中心  

The Double Restrictive Phrasing in Modern Japanese——Focusing on Tada and Dake

作　　者：曹彦琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2013年第3期45-54,共10页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

摘　　要：与历来研究中仅以限定提示助词这一单一视点来探讨限定功能的方法不同,笔者关注限定提示助词与限定副词同时出现的双重限定句式,以双重视点来考察限定功能,明确了限定提示助词与限定副词各自的功能分担情况。作为限定功能整体架构研究的第一步,本论文以限定提示助词与限定副词中各自使用频率最高的「だけ」和「ただ」为中心进行考察,得出结论为:在双重限定句式中,「だけ」与「ただ」进行限定时的着眼点不同「。だけ」着重表达句中的某一要素与其他同类要素之间的paradigmatic关系。而「ただ」则与前面的否定句或后面的副词相结合,在构成syntagmatic关系的同时,限定动词的行为方式,排除其他的行为方式,表达这两种行为方式间的paradigmatic关系。The mainstream of study for restrictive function has long been focused on a single point of view： restrictive auxiliary words. However, this paper focuses on double restrictive phrasings, in which both restrictive auxiliary words and restrictive adverbs exist, to illustrate the different fimction of these two kinds of words. First, this paper investigated dake and tada, the most frequently used words among restrictive auxiliaries and restrictive adverbs respectively. A conclusion was drawn that in double restrictive phrasings dake and tada have a different focus. While dake focused on the paradigmatic relationship between one species and another similar species, tada was combined with either negative phrasing or adverbs in order to form a syntagmatic relationship, which restricts the behavior of verbs, excludes other behaviors, as well as expresses the syntagmatic relationship between these two behaviors.

关 键 词：双重限定句式 SYNTAGMATIC paratigmatic 限定提示助词 限定副词 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]