铁道车辆非理想状态下的车轮磨耗行为  

Wheel Wear Behaviour of the Imperfect Railway Vehicle

作　　者：丁军君[1,2] 黄运华[1] 李芾[1] 戚壮[1] 孙树磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学土木工程博士后流动站,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2013年第12期109-115,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50821063);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(SWJTU12CX041)资助项目

摘　　要：为研究铁道车辆在非理想状态下的车轮磨耗行为,以C80型货车为例在SIMPACK中建立车辆-轨道系统动力学模型,基于轮轨半赫兹接触模型、KALKER简化理论和ZOBORY磨耗模型编制车轮磨耗仿真程序,对具有轮对安装偏转角和轮径差时的车轮磨耗行为进行仿真,得到车轮磨耗后的踏面形状、圆周磨耗和轮缘厚度,最后从车轮磨耗的角度分析转向架结构对车辆非理想状态的适应性。计算结果表明:安装偏转角ψ0和轮径差ΔD都会导致车轮磨耗寿命减少,ψ0=1～3 mrad时,段修磨耗寿命分别减少了64%、86.2%和93.3%,ΔD=2～8 mm时,段修磨耗寿命分别减少了24%、52.9%、62.1%和72.7%;轮对安装偏转角对车轮磨耗寿命的影响较大,而轮径差主要导致车轮出现偏磨;径向转向架由于前后轮对运动不独立,因此其对轮径差的适应性较摆动式转向架和交叉支撑转向架差。In order to research the wheel wear behaviour of the imperfect railway vehicle, the vehicle-track system dynamical model of C80 wagon is built in SIMPACK and the wheel wear simulation program is implemented based on the wheel/rail semi-hertzian contact model, KALKER＇s simplified theory and ZOBORY＇s wear model. Wheel wear behaviours of vehicles which have wheelset deflection angle and radius difference are simulated. Then the worn wheel profiles, wear depths in rolling circle and flange depths are obtained. At last, the adaptability of bogie structures to vehicle＇s imperfect state are investigated based on the wheel wear behaviour. The results indicate that both the wheelset deflection angle ψ0 and radius difference AD will reduce the wheel wear life, when ψ0 increases from 1 mrad to 3 mrad, the wheel wear life decreases 64%, 86.2% and 93.3%, and when AD increasesfrom 2 mm to 8 mm, the wheel wear life decreases 24%, 52.9%, 62.1% and 72.7%; the wheelset deflection angle mainly influences the wear life and the radius difference mainly leads to the wheel＇s eccentric wear; because of the dependence of the front and rear wheelsets in radial bogie, swing motion bogie and cross-braced bogie process are better adaptability than radial bogie when vehicles have radius difference.

关 键 词：轮轨滚动接触 车轮磨耗 安装偏转角 轮径差 转向架 

分 类 号：U260[机械工程—车辆工程]