小麦蛋白淀粉品质指标与面包品质关系的研究  

The Relationship between Protein Quality and Starch Pasting Parameters and Bread Baking Quality in Common Wheat

作　　者：王美芳[1] 赵石磊[1] 雷振生[1] 吴政卿[1] 晁岳恩[1] 徐福新[1] 杨攀[1] 杨会民[1] 刘加平[1] 李巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所/小麦国家工程实验室/农业部黄淮中部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/河南省小麦生物学重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《核农学报》2013年第6期792-799,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2009ZX08002-002B);国家"863"项目(2012AA101202-3);农业部"948"项目(2011G3);河南省现代农业产业技术体系首席专家专项资金(S2010-01);航天诱变育种技术利用与小麦品种和资源创新

摘　　要：选用近年来黄淮麦区大面积推广种植的小麦品种和新育成高代品系为材料,采用近红外(NIR)、面筋仪、粉质仪、快速粘度分析仪(RVA)和凝胶色谱(SE-HPLC)方法等对蛋白品质指标及淀粉糊化参数进行分析,分析各品质参数间的关系及其与面包烘焙品质的关系。结果表明,谷蛋白大聚体(GMP)、SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)-沉降值、湿面筋指数、弱化度与多数蛋白品质指标间存在正向0.01或0.05水平相关,GMP、SDS-沉降值、湿面筋指数、干面筋含量、面粉蛋白含量、麦谷蛋白含量、形成时间、稳定时间均与面包烘焙品质间达0.01水平正相关,湿面筋含量与面包体积和评分间分别达0.01和0.05水平正相关;醇溶蛋白含量及弱化度与面包体积和评分间分别达0.05和0.01水平负相关。吸水率与糊化温度、最终粘度、回生值间达0.01水平负相关,形成时间与峰值粘度和稀澥值间达0.05水平正相关,GMP与糊化温度间达0.05水平负相关。各品质参数对面包体积的作用大小依次为湿面筋指数>弱化度>形成时间>湿面筋含量>糊化温度等,对面包评分的作用大小依次为麦谷蛋白>稳定时间>醇溶蛋白>面粉蛋白含量>吸水率等。小麦品质测试指标间有着广泛的相关性,湿面筋指数、弱化度和麦谷蛋白、稳定时间是反映面包烘焙品质的重要指标;早代可进行GMP或SDS-沉降值测定,中高代可进行面筋仪、粉质仪测定;在品质测试过程中应重视湿面筋指数、弱化度的重要性,小麦粉淀粉品质对面包品质的影响也应引起关注。Wheat varieties planted in large area in Huang-Huai wheat region in the past years and advanced wheat lines were selected as materials,the protein quality and starch pasting parameters of which were analyzed by NIR,Glutomatic,Farinograph,RVA,SE-HPLC and so on to determine the relationship between protein parameters and between the parameters and bread baking quality.The parameters of GMP,SDS sedimentation value,wet gluten index and degree of softening were significantly and positively correlated with most protein quality parameters at the 0.01 or 0.05 levels.The parameters of GMP quantity,SDS sedimentation value,wet gluten index,dry gluten quantity,flour protein quantity,glutenin quantity,development time,stability were significantly and positively correlated with bread baking quality parameters at the 0.01 level.The quantity of wet gluten was significantly and positively correlated with loaf volume and loaf score at the 0.01 and 0.05 levels respectively.Both quantity of glidian and degree of softening were significantly and negatively correlated with loaf volume and loaf score at the 0.01,0.05 levels respectively.Water absorption of dough was significantly and negatively correlated with pasting temperature,final viscosity and setback at the 0.01 level.The development time was significantly and positively correlated with peak viscosity and breakdown at the 0.05 level.GMP was significantly and negatively correlated with pasting temperature at the 0.05 level.The contribution of individual parameter could be ranked for loaf volume as wet gluten index degree of softening development time wet gluten quantity pasting temperature et al and for loaf score as glutenin quantity stability glidian quantity flour protein quantity water absorption of dough et al,respectively.There existed significant correlation among quality parameters of common wheat.Wet gluten index,degree of softening and glutenin quantity,stability were important indexes to evaluate bread baking quality.The parameters of GMP or SDS sedimentation value cou

关 键 词：小麦 蛋白 淀粉 面包品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]