侧向风作用下车桥系统气动性能及风屏障的影响研究  

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Vehicle-bridge System under Crosswinds and Effect of Wind Barriers

作　　者：张田[1] 郭薇薇[1] 夏禾[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道学报》2013年第7期102-106,共5页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CB036203);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2013YJS054)

摘　　要：采用计算流体力学软件建立桥梁单体、车辆单体以及车桥组合体模型,湍流模型取标准k-ε模型,计算各模型在不同风攻角时侧向风作用下的气动力系数。考虑风屏障对车辆、桥梁气动性能影响,建立风屏障、桥梁与车辆组合体模型,分析风屏障不同开孔率时车辆、桥梁气动力系数变化规律。结果表明:车辆位于桥上时,桥梁阻力和车辆侧力会增大;桥上车辆侧滚力矩系数明显大于车辆单独存在的情况,且车辆位于桥上迎风侧大于背风侧的情况;安装风屏障后,桥梁阻力和力矩系数随开孔率增大而降低,车辆侧力系数和力矩系数随开孔率增大而增大;为保证风屏障有效性,风屏障开孔率应小于40%。On the basis of the CFD software platform and using the standard ke turbulence model, numerical simulation was performed for the single bridge, single vehicle and vehiclebridge combination under cross winds. Their aerodynamic coefficients were calculated for different wind attack angles. The wind barrier vehi clebridge model was established in consideraiion of the effect of wind barriers on aerodynamic performance of the vehicle and bridge. The variation law of the aerodynamic coefficients of the vehicle and bridge with wind barriers of different porosity rates was analyzed. The results show as follows： When a vehicle is running on a bridge, the aerodynamic drag of the bridge and the side force coefficient of the vehicle are amplified; the rolling moment coefficient of the vehicle on the bridge is significantly greater than that of the vehicle alone, and the rolling moment coefficient of the vehicle on the bridge on the windward side is greater than that on the leeward side; the drag and rolling moment coefficient of the bridge with wind barriers decrease with increasing of the porosity percentage where as the above values of the vehicle increase with increasing of the porosity percentage; It is suggested that the porosity percentage of wind barrier should be less than 40 % in order to ensure the wind break effect.

关 键 词：车桥系统 气动力系数 风攻角 风屏障 开孔率 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]