轻轨车辆电气耦合轮对导向控制技术  

Steering control technology of LRV with electrical coupled wheelset

作　　者：孙效杰[1] 陆正刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2013年第3期40-46,共7页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAG11B02)

摘　　要：针对独立车轮自导向性能差的问题,应用改进电轴技术在轻轨车辆电机单独驱动独立车轮中,形成一种电气耦合轮对型式,以无形的电轴替代传统的机械轴,改善导向性能。从电路分析理论出发,分析了新型耦合轮对的耦合性能和影响因素,确定电气耦合轮对是一种对左右车轮转角差自动施加反馈控制的技术,且轮对耦合的强弱可通过调节电容与电阻实现,调节电容方案因能耗低而优于调节电阻方案。建立电气耦合轮对和弹性阻尼耦合轮对轻轨车辆横向动力学模型,分析了轮对的转向行为。仿真结果表明:电气耦合轮对耦合力矩最大达到近1kN.m,耦合能力强;直线上受激扰后,2种车辆的横移量与摇头角自行趋于0,通过曲线时,横移量稳定值小于8mm,摇头角小于0.2°,因此,2种耦合轮对车辆具有直线对中能力和曲线通过性能;通过小曲线时,电机因电气耦合而造成的最大耗能功率低于140W,系统能耗低。A new coupled wheelset was proposed by electrical coupled method to improve the self- steering behavior of independently rotating wheel. The improved electrical shaft system was applied in LRV（light railway vehicle） with motor independently driven wheels to construct the ECW（electrical coupled wheelset）. An invisible electrical shaft replaced the conventional mechanical shaft between the motor-driven wheels. The coupled capacity and influencing factors of ECW were studied based on circuit analysis theory. It was ascertained that oriented mechanism of ECW was an active feedback control technology, and the rotating angular difference between left and right wheels was taken as feedback signal. The coupled capacity was adaptive by adjusting capacitance or resistance. It was better method for regulating capacitance than resistance as low power consumption. The numerical models of LRVs with ECW and EDCW （elasto-damper coupled wheelset） were established to simulate the steering behavior. Simulation result indicates that the maximum coupled torque of ECW is near to 1 kN ~ m, so the coupled ability is more powerful. LRVs with ECW and EDCW finally run along the center line of straight track after inputting a excitation, and their lateral displacements and attack angles are respectively less than 8 mm and 0.2° while vehicle runs on curve track, so they have good centering ability and curve negotiation. It＇s a low-power cost for electrical coupled system to produce coupled torque, and the maximum consumption power of motor is no more than 140 W when vehicle runs on thesmall radius curve track. 3 tabs, 8 figs, 13 refs.

关 键 词：车辆工程 轻轨车辆 电轴技术 耦合轮对 导向性能 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]