除草剂丁草胺对高产水稻土微生物群落功能多样性的影响  

Effects of butachlor on the functional diversity of microbial communities in high-yield paddy soil

作　　者：张仕颖[1,2] 夏运生[2] 肖炜[3] 崔晓龙[3] 王永霞[3] 史静[2] 张乃明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [3]云南大学云南省微生物研究所,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第5期815-819,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201321;41161041;31200138)

摘　　要：采用BIOLOG碳素利用法,研究了模拟条件下不同丁草胺剂量（有效成分质量分数0.15、0.30和1.5 mg.kg-1）对高产水稻土微生物群落功能多样性的影响。AWCD值分析结果表明：各处理均在温育72~120 h期间表现出较强的碳源利用能力,中低浓度对微生物有促生长作用,高浓度有抑制作用,随着培养时间延长,丁草胺对微生物的促进和抑制作用逐渐减缓,直至完全消失。采用温育96 h数据进行群落多样性和碳源利用特征主成分分析,Shannon指数和Simpson指数分析结果表明,施用丁草胺会对高产水稻土微生物群落碳源利用能力产生不利影响,施药浓度是导致微生物群落碳源利用能力集中、可利用碳源种类数减少的直接原因,且浓度越高,发生变化所需时间越短。主成分分析结果表明,施用丁草胺会导致高产水稻土微生物群落碳源利用能力改变,中低浓度改变速度快,高浓度改变速度较慢,随着丁草胺的自然降解,农药对微生物群落碳源利用能力的影响逐渐消退。Effects of the herbicide butachlor on microbial functional diversity in high-yield paddy soil were investigated under laboratory conditions, and the microbial communities structures under different butachlor concentrations （calculated by active ingredient 0.15, 0.30 and 1.5 mg·kg^-l） were evaluated using BIOLOG Ecoplates. The results of the average well color development （AWCD） analysis showed that the growth and activity of microbial communities were stimulated under low concentration, moreover, were inhibited under high concentration, and thereafter gradually recovered to a similar level to the control soil. The Shannon index H and the Simpson index D analyses showed that butachlor applications had a negative influence on the carbon using abilities of microbial communities. The abilities of microbial communities were significantly reduced as the concentrations increased, moreover, the higher the concentration, the shorter time required. Principal component analysis had indicated the analogous results. It is concluded that butachlor applications in high-yield paddy soil had a temporary or short-term inhibitory effect on soil microbial communities.

关 键 词：丁草胺 功能多样性 微生物 BIOLOG 高产水稻土 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]