从讲座制起源看19世纪大学学科制度化的变革意义  

The Significance of Institutionalized Discipline in 19th Century Universities:from the Perspective of the Origin of the Academic Chair System

作　　者：伍醒[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学宁波理工学院副研究员,浙江宁波315100 [2]浙江大学教育学院博士研究生,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2013年第8期37-42,共6页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(项目编号:NECT-07-0744);浙江大学“985工程”三期项目“世界一流大学战略与政策研究”的研究成果之一

摘　　要：讲座制是19世纪大学重要的基层学术组织,它的形成对于促进大学学科制度化具有重要意义。讲座制的建立为大学带来了分科教学、习明纳、实验室等新的教学科研方式和鼓励知识创新的教授选拔晋升制度,由此,大学形成了知识创新和人才培养相统一的制度结构,成为知识生产的制度性场所。回顾讲座制的起源,对于加深认识大学学科发展规律,理性推动大学学术组织变革具有重要的实现意义。The academic chair system is an important basic academic unit in 19th century universities. Its formation played a key role in promoting the institutionalized discipline in the universities. The establishment of the academic chair system introduced new methods of teaching and research such as department instruction, seminar, laboratory, etc. into universities. It also led to the establishment of professors＇ selection and promotion system which encourages knowledge creation. Thereby, the system structure combined with knowledge creation and talents cultivation has been established in universities since then. What＇s more, the process of discipline institutionalization was strengthened. The two changes were of great significance in the history of 19th century universities. It was the establishment of the lecture system that caused the discipline to become the basic unit of academic activities in universities which aroused the vitality of universities in its ability of knowledge production and thus made universities the systematic places for producing knowledge.

关 键 词：讲座制 大学学科制度 学科制度化 

分 类 号：K107[历史地理—历史学] G649.1[历史地理—世界史]