青少年抑郁症的首诊状况调查与临床特征分析  

The Investigation of First Diagnosed Case and Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Adolescent Depression

作　　者：程道猛[1] 刘靖雯[1] 黄鹏[1] 徐世超[1] 王春江[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省广州市精神病医院儿童精神科,510370

出　　处：《医学理论与实践》2013年第15期1987-1988,共2页The Journal of Medical Theory and Practice

摘　　要：目的:调查分析青少年抑郁症的首诊状况与临床特征,为早期诊断提供借鉴。方法:回顾分析我院就诊的115例青少年抑郁症患者的临床资料,所有患者均采用密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和自制躯体症状调查表进行评定。结果:(1)115例青少年抑郁患者中初次发病就到精神专科就诊者33例(28.70%),其他82例(71.30%)均为到非精神科就诊;(2)82例在非精神专科就诊患者主要被误诊为植物神经功能紊乱、神经性头痛;(3)所有患者就诊时均有躯体不适的突出主诉,11例(9.57%)患者伴有≤11个躯体症状,104例(90.43%)患者伴有>11个躯体症状。结论:青少年抑郁症以躯体症状为主诉,多数患者在综合医院的非精神科首诊,误诊、漏诊率较高,临床医师应加强及提高对抑郁症的躯体症状特征的认识,及时采取合理科学的处理,提高临床医生对该病的识别率、诊断率、治疗率。Objective：To investigate first diagnosed Case and clinical characteristics of adolescent Depression , and to provide a reference for the early diagnosis. Methods.Make a retrospective analysis of 115 adolescent depression data, all patients were judged by Depression Rating Scale （HAMD） and Homemade somatic symptoms questionnaire. Results. （1） 33 adolescents depression went to psychiatric when initial outbreak, accounting for 28. 70% in 115 adolescents depressiom the other 82 adolescents depression went to non-psychiatric treatment when initial outbreak, accounting for 71.30% in 115 adolescents depression; （2） 82 adolescents depression which went to non-psychiatric treatment were misdiagnosed as autonomic dysfunction, nervous headache; （3） all adolescents depression had physical discomfort, 11 patients （9. 57 %） had ≤ 11 somatic symptoms, 104 patients （90. 43 %） had 〉 11 somatic symptoms. Conclusion： The main symptoms of adolescent depression are somatic symptoms,most adolescent depression go to non-psychiatric treatment when initial outbreak,have high misdiagnosis rate and missed rate, doctor should strengthen and enhance understanding of somatic symptoms of adolescents depression, take timely and reasonable scientific treatment, improve clinician recognition rate, diagnosis rate, treatment rates.

关 键 词：抑郁症 青少年 首诊 临床特征 诊断 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]