某地农村居民尿镉和尿铅水平与其骨密度的关系  

The associations between bone mineral density and urinary cadmium as well as urinary lead on farmers lived in a non-polluted rural area

作　　者：梁旭霞[1,2] 汤柳英[2,3] 王晶[2] 胡曙光[2] 陈子慧[2] 王萍[2] 黄芮[2] 张蕴蕊[2,3] 陈文才[2] 谭剑斌[2] 梁坚忠 陈缘超 张永慧[2] 李筱薇[1] 赵云峰[1] 杨杏芬[2] 吴永宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心卫生部风险评估重点实验室,北京100021 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430 [3]暨南大学医学院,广东广州510632 [4]开平市疾病预防控制中心,广东开平529300

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2013年第4期292-298,共7页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：卫生公益性行业科研专项(201302005);国家自然科学基金(81273102);广东省自然科学基金(S2011010004984)

摘　　要：目的了解某地农村居民自然生活环境中镉、铅暴露对人体骨密度(BMD)的影响。方法以系统随机抽样的方法在开平市远离工业区的3个村镇选择本地居住超过15年、以当地自产大米和蔬菜为主要膳食来源的30～80岁村民为调查对象,采集居民晨尿和空腹静脉血,ICP-MS测定尿液和全血中镉、铅、磷和钙浓度,尿元素均采用尿肌酐校正;DTX-200骨密度仪测定受试者左前臂尺桡骨远端的BMD值,并进行Z评分,One-way ANOVA、卡方检验、Spearman秩相关和多元回归分析等统计方法初步探讨铅、镉水平与BMD的关系。结果 Spearman秩相关显示男性和女性尿镉与BMD呈负相关,其相关系数分别为-0.21和-0.22,尿铅和BMD未见显著相关。经方差分析和卡方检验,5个不同尿镉水平下,男性BMD不同,但其Z评分水平T-SD构成比未见明显差别;女性BMD未见显著差别,而不同T-SD水平人群构成比不同,随着女性尿镉水平增加,骨量减少和骨质疏松构成情况上升,其等级相关系数为0.22。多元回归分析显示女性BMD与年龄、体重有线性关系,男性BMD与年龄和BMI存在线性关系。结论本研究认为尿镉与BMD间存在简单相关关系,但未观察到线性关系,生活环境镉、铅暴露人群暴露指标对骨密度间的影响有待进一步研究。Objective To study the associations between bone mineral density（BMD） and urinary cadmium as well as urinary lead on farmers lived in a non-polluted area of Kaiping,Guangdong Province,China.Methods 283 local healthy residents were investigated who lived in rural Kaiping for more than 15 years,aged 30-80,and mainly lived on local rice and vegetables.Blood and urine specimens were collected for detection of urinary cadmium,lead,phosphorus and calcium by ICP-MS and corrected by urinary creatinine.Furthermore,the bone mineral density（BMD） of far end of the left forearm was determined by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptionmetry（DTX-200）,the values of BMD were Z scored.One-way ANOVA,chi-square and the multivariate regression analysis were used to investigate the relationship between BMD and urinary cadmium as well as urinary lead.Results Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between BMD and U-Cd in both males and females,and the correlation coefficients were-0.21 and-0.22 respectively.No correlation was observed between BMD and U-Pb in both males and females.For males,the BMDs were different under five different U-Cd levels,however,the proportion of each T-SD levels were similar.For females,the BMDs under different U-Cd levels were the same,otherwise,the proportion of each T-SD levels were distinct.With increment of U-Cd level,the proportion of osteopenia and osteoprosis increased,the correlation coefficient was 0.22.Multivariate regression analysis implied that the BMD was associated with age and weight for females and with age and BMI for males.Conclusion There were simple correlations between BMD and U-Cd,however,no linear relationship was observed.Further study is needed to understand the effects of cadmium and lead exposure to bone mineral density for population lived in non-polluted area.

关 键 词：骨密度 尿镉 尿铅 镉暴露 铅暴露 

分 类 号：R115[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]