时间维度在记叙文理解中的作用  

The Role of Time Dimension in Narrative Comprehension

作　　者：郭艳彪[1] 陈琳[2] 陈广耀[1] 莫雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理应用研究中心,广州510631 [2]中山大学国际汉语学院,广州510275

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第4期802-809,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB720700);国家自然科学基金(31170997);2011年广东高校优秀青年创新人才培养计划(wym11006)的资助

摘　　要：采用事件分割范式探讨了时间维度在记叙文理解中的作用。结果发现,当时间转换标识事件转换,读者更多将时间短语所在位置作为分割边界;当时间转换不标识事件转换,读者更多按事件单元转换进行分割,而且事件转换强于时间转换,同时时间短语仍对文本分割有一定影响。上述结果表明,事件单元作为建构记叙文心理表征的核心单元,时间维度作为事件单元转换的线索,只有在标识事件转换的情况下,才能引发读者情景模型的更新。The situational model is one of the hottest issues in research on discourse comprehension. At present,it is widely agreed that narrative comprehension involves setting up a mental representation of the states of affairs described by the text. According to the event-indexing model,which accounts for situational model in details,events are the core units of the mental representation,and they are indexed on five situational dimensions： time,space,protagonist,causality,and intentionality. Time is an important dimension for constructing the situational model,and a number of previous studies demonstrated that readers tracked time information while reading texts. Some of them provided indirect evidence supporting that readers segmented the consecutive narrative by time into a series of discrete events in order to understand it. Speer and Zacks （2005） directly proved it with an explicit event segmentation paradigm. Specifically,participants were asked to segment the points where they believed that one meaningful unit ended and another began while they read some narrative texts describing everyday events. Their experiment results suggested that participants segmented event boundaries based on time adverbials. However,carefully analyzing with their experimental materials,we found that their demonstration failed to distinguish between event factor and time factor,because a new event appeared at the object-time sentence. According to the event-indexing model and event segmentation theory,the whole event unit played an original role in situation updating. Given the above consideration,in the present study,the event segmentation paradigm was adopted to investigate event segmentation in narrative comprehension in Chinese narrative comprehension in three experiments. Participants were required to segment each narrative no less than three times. Moreover,they were required to list a title to each narrative in order to make sure that they were reading carefully. Experiment1 was to repeat Speer and Zacks＇ research results i

关 键 词：记叙文 情景模型 事件指针模型 时间转换 事件转换 

分 类 号：B84-0[哲学宗教—基础心理学]