中日汉字异同比较与华文教育  

A Comparison of Chinese and Japanese kanji in the Chinese teaching

作　　者：林祁[1] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学华文学院,中国厦门361021

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2013年第2期205-210,共6页Overseas Chinese Education

摘　　要：近年来华文教学的特殊性已经得到承认,但对生活在汉字文化圈中的日本人或华裔进行华文教学的研究尚为欠缺。这些学生在日本大量接触到的汉字,既有日本字,也有台港澳使用的繁体字,还有大陆现行的简体字,汉字练习是华文教育的重头戏,练习设计直接关系到教学效果。中日汉字的异同问题,在华文教学中成为利弊皆有的"双刃剑":可产生"正迁移"(Positive Transfer)或"负迁移"(Negative Transfer)笔者认为借用母语是第二语言学习过程中常用的学习策略。提出注重中日汉字异同比较在华文教学中的活用:同形同义速成法;同形异义慎用法;同形近义细读法。In recent years the special nature of the Chinese teaching has been recognized. However, the study of Chinese teaching to Japanese or Chinese descent living in the Chinese cultural circle is still lacking. These students come in contact with to a lot of Chinese characters, both kanji in Japanese and the complex -formed characters used in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao as well as the simplified characters used in Chinese mainland. As an important factor in the teaching of Chinese language, the design of characters exercises is directly related to the effectiveness of teaching practice. The similarities and differences between Chinese characters and Japanese kanji may and cons in the teaching of Chinese language, resulting in become a ＂double- edged sword＂ with pros ＂positive transfer＂ or ＂negative transfer＂. The writer believe that we can borrow some strategies commonly used learning in the second language learning process, focusing on compare of Similarities and differences between Chinese and kanji in Chinese teaching ： speeded - up to homo - synonym, caution - utilization of homograph and perusal on homoionym.

关 键 词：华文教学 中日汉字异同比较 同形同义 同形异义 同形近义 

分 类 号：H193.3[语言文字—汉语]