北京清代建筑琉璃胎釉中间层的SEM和Raman研究  

SEM and Raman Research on the Middle Layer between Matrix and Glaze of Beijing Architectural Glazed Tile of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：李媛[1] 苗建民[1] 赵兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]古陶瓷保护研究国家文物局重点科研基地故宫博物院文保科技部,北京100009

出　　处：《陶瓷》2013年第13期24-27,共4页Ceramics

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑重点项目课题古代建筑保护技术及传统工艺科学化研究(基金项目编号:2006BAK31B02)

摘　　要：建筑琉璃作为中国传统建筑风格的标志性元素,是中国建筑文化的重要组成部分,也是古代建筑保护不可或缺的重要屏障。本文以北京故宫清代建筑琉璃为研究对象,利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪及拉曼光谱仪,研究了建筑琉璃胎釉中间层的元素组成、显微结构及物相组成。研究表明:釉烧过程中,建筑琉璃胎料中的Si、Al和K元素向釉料扩散、熔解和渗透,釉料中Pb元素向胎料扩散、熔解和渗透;釉烧后,胎釉之间形成由微晶层与熔蚀层构成的胎釉中间层,微晶层中的板条状晶体可能为铅长石。Ancient architectural glazed tile was not only a traditional Chinese architectural style and an important part of the iconic elements of Chinese architectural culture,but also an important protective barrier to ancient buildings.Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy were used on Beijing Forbidden City Qing dynasty architectural glazed tile,to research on the element content, micro-structure and phase composition of the middle layer between the matrix and glaze,and to research on the relation between the middle layer and the glaze peel off.The research results showed that Silicon,Aluminum and Potassium in the matrix diffuse,fuse and penetrate to glaze, and Lead in glaze diffuse, fuse and penetrate to matrix in the glaze firing process.The middle layer that composed by crystal layer and corroded layer formed between the matrix and glaze after glaze firing.The needle-like crystal should be Lead-feldspar.And there was no obvious relation found between the thickness of the middle layer and the anti-peel off ability of the architectural glazed tile.

关 键 词：古代建筑琉璃 胎釉中间层 铅长石 

分 类 号：TQ174.74[化学工程—陶瓷工业]