中国9省（区）1991—2009年4-17岁儿童青少年膳食钙摄入量及变化趋势  

Trend in dietary calcium intake among Chinese children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years in nine provinces from 1991 to 2009

作　　者：张伋[1] 王惠君[1] 王志宏[1] 张继国[1] 杜文雯[1] 苏畅[1] 姜红如[1] 翟凤英[1] 张兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所公共营养与政策标准室,北京100050

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2013年第9期857-862,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：美国国立卫生研究院科研项目（R01-HD30880,DK056350,R01-HD38700）

摘　　要：目的了解1991--2009年中国9省（区）4～17岁儿童青少年膳食钙的摄入现状、食物来源及变化趋势。方法选取1991--2009年“中国健康与营养调查（CHNs）”7轮调查中4～17岁儿童青少年为研究对象，利用连续3天24小时膳食回顾调查数据，按地区分层对历年膳食钙摄入量水平、食物来源分布及变化趋势进行横断面分析。结果1991--2009年中国9省（区）4～17岁儿童青少年平均每日膳食钙摄人量总体呈波动上升趋势。2009年该人群中男童钙摄人量为311．2mg／d，女童为294．6mg／d；1991-2009年男女童钙摄入量不足50％适宜摄人量（AI）的比例分别高达81．5％～87．6％和87．0％～91．O％，而达到A1人数的比例仅为0．2％～0．8％和0．1％～0．8％。儿童青少年膳食钙主要来源于蔬菜、豆制品、谷类和乳类食物，其提供的钙占平均每日钙摄人量的70％以上。结论1991-2009年中国9省（区）4～17岁儿童青少年膳食钙摄入水平仍然较低，需提高该人群的饮奶量增加钙摄入水平。Objective To understand the daily calcium intake, food sources and the trends among Chinese children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years from 1991 to 2009. Methods Consecutive 3-day-24-hour dietary recall data from the seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS） was used to describe the status and trends of daily calcium intake and related food sources. Results Between 1991 and 2009, the daily intake of calcium in Chinese children and adolescents showed an increasing trend. In 2009, the average intakes of calcium in Chinese boys and girls were 311.2 mg/d and 294.6 mg/d, respectively. 81.5%-87.6% of boys and 87.0%-91.0% of girls had their calcium intakes less than half of the recommended amount of adequate intakes. Only 0.2%-0.8% of boys and 0.1%-0.8% of girls had their calcium intakes equal or higher than the recommended amount of adequate intakes. The sources of dietary calcium were mainly from vegetables, legumes, cereals and milk products for Chinese children and adolescents, accounting for more than 70% of the average daily intakes. Conclusion During the past two decades, the dietary calcium intake of Chinese children and adolescents still remained at lower level, suggesting that the optimal food sources of calcium were under-consumed.

关 键 词：钙摄入量 儿童青少年 钙食物来源 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]