单线公交车辆组合调度与购车计划的双层规划模型  

Bi-level programming model for transit mixed scheduling and procurement scheme

作　　者：巫威眺[1] 靳文舟[1] 任然[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广州510640

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2013年第5期1196-1203,共8页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61174188);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(2012ZM0092)

摘　　要：以单条公交线路为研究对象,针对线路双向及单向客流分布的不均衡性,建立了一种配合区间车的公交车辆组合调度与购车计划的双层规划模型,从系统的角度探讨了公交车辆组合调度与购车计划的有机联系。上层以车辆购置费用和企业运营成本最少为目标,满足规定服务水平的约束,下层在给定运力配置下对区间车和双向全程车的发车频率及区间车折返位置同时进行优化,追求乘客出行时间成本最少。为便于比较,同时建立了常规运营的单一调度与购车计划模型。给出了算例及客流需求灵敏度分析,验证了模型的有效性和优越性,与单一调度对比的结果表明:在客流分布不均衡和服务水平的强约束情况下,组合调度可以节省运力和减少乘客出行时间及其成本,而且在相同的购车计划下,不均衡差异越大,组合调度的优越性越明显。This study focuses on a single line transit scheduling problem, considering the characteristics of the unbalanced two-way and one-way distribution of passenger demand, a bi-level programming model of transit mixed scheduling and procurement is proposed. The relationship between the mixed scheduling and its procurement scheme was analyzed from the viewpoint of system theory. The upper- level model takes the minimal bus purchase expense and operation cost as the targets, and the required standard of service as the constraint. The lower-level model simultaneously optimizes the frequencies of inter-zone buses and two-way whole-line buses as well as the turning location of inter-zone buses in order to minimize the passenger travel time costs. For comparison, the model for single scheduling and procurement was also studied. Furthermore, numerical example and demand sensitivity analysis were given to verify the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed model. In addition, data comparison and analysis show that the mixed scheduling can save the transport capacity, passenger travel time and the operation cost under unbalanced demand situations. The more severe the unbalanced demand, the more superior the proposed model with the same bus procurement scheme.

关 键 词：交通运输系统工程 组合调度 公交购车计划 双层规划 灵敏度 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]