单体泵断油过程中控制阀区域流场特性  

Flow Characteristics of Solenoid Control Valve During Fuel Stopping Process for the Unit Pump

作　　者：仇滔[1] 雷艳[1] 彭璟[1] 李旭初[1] 李彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2013年第4期367-372,共6页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51006012);内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(SKLE K2012-01)

摘　　要：电控单体泵控制阀打开将导通高低压油路,实现断油控制.在断油过程中,大量高压燃油将通过控制阀狭小区域高速流入低压油路,该区域流场十分复杂,对单体泵卸压断油特性影响很大.在电控单体泵泵体上设计了光学透视窗口,采用高速摄像仪器,获得控制阀开启过程在不同开度下控制阀出口端的流场照片,并对照片进行处理.结合测量获得的控制阀位移以及对应的进出口瞬态压力,采用三维仿真软件开展了控制阀区域瞬态流场的仿真计算.试验证明了该区域在阀打开过程中存在两相流.仿真表明控制阀区域空化主要产生在3个区域:阀口锥角处、锥角下游以及阀芯与挡板间隙处.结合仿真计算获得的流场和压力场,分析了3个区域空化产生的原因.The solenoid valve in the unit pump system （UPS） controls the pressure buildup within the high- pressure fuel line. When it is opened, the high-pressure fuel flows with high velocity from the narrow cross-section into the low-pressure fuel line. During its operation, the flow in the field of solenoid valve is quite complex and affects the performance of UPS. This study presents a visualization test method of the solenoid valve of the UPS. For the optical observation, a glass window was incorporated into the pump. The bubbles induced by the cavitation under various operating conditions were observed by a high-speed camera. All color images were transformed into the gray pictures. Simulation was conducted on the basis of the test data such as the pressure and the displacement of valve core. The test results show that cavitation phenomenon occurs during the opening process of control valve. The simulated results of cavitation regula- tion in control valve agree well with the experimental results. Simulation results show that cavitations in the control valve mainly occur at three positions, they are, the cone angle of valve port, the downstream of cone angle and the clearance between the valve stop and the core. The reasons of cavitation generated in those positions were discussed based on the simulation results of the flow and the pressure fields.

关 键 词：单体泵 控制阀 空化 仿真 

分 类 号：TK427[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]