我国九省眼病调查中河北省隆尧县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤患病率及致病原因调查  

Prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Longyao County of Hebei Province： the China Nine-Province Survey

作　　者：吕建华[1] 赵家良[2] Leon B.Ellwein 李善雨[1] 韩冬[1] 闫忠阳[1] 张宏彬[1] 杨梅[4] 王羽[5] 高学成[5] 

机构地区：[1]邢台市眼科医院,054001 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院眼科 [3]美国国家眼科研究所 [4]南通大学附属医院眼科 [5]国家卫生部医政司

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2013年第9期783-788,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的了解河北省隆尧县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率及致病原因。方法以人群为基础的横断面调查。2006年9月至2007年1月对河北省隆尧县50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查。采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点，正式现场调查之前先进行预试验，并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验。根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象。按年龄、性别和受教育程度分别计算受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率，并判断受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的原因。采用X^2检验、趋势X^2检验进行各数据间的比较。结果在检录的5527人中，5051人接受并完成了检查，受检率为91．39％。以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类为标准，以最佳矫正视力计算，50岁及以上人群中盲53例，患病率为1．05％，中、重度视力损伤175例，患病率为3．46％；以日常生活视力计算，盲75例，患病率为1．48％，中、重度视力损伤401例，患病率为7．94％。以最佳矫正视力计算，高龄（趋势x。=897．27，P=0．000）、女性（X^2=30．32，P=0．000）、文盲（趋势X^2=83．20，P=0．000）人群中盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率较高。白内障是盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因。未矫正的屈光不正也是导致视力损伤的重要原因。结论河北省隆尧县50岁及以上人群盲的患病率在我国九省眼病调查结果中相对较低。白内障是导致盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因。Objective To investigate the prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged ≥50 years in Longyao County, Hebei Province, China. Methods It was a population-based cross-section study. Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5527 individuals aged ≥50 years in Longyao County. The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out. All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits. Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination. Prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was calculated according to different age, gender or education. And the reasons of blindness were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software, release 9. O. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age, gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity. Results Five thousands five hundreds and twenty-seven individuals were enumerated and 5051 persons were examined, the response rate was 91.39%. Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity was 1.05% （53/5051） and 3.46% （175/5051） respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 1.48% （75/5051） and 7.94% （401/5051） respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged （ trend X^2 - 897.27, P = 0. 000 ） , female （ X^2 = 30. 32, P = 0. 000 ） , illiterate （ trend X^2 = 83.20, P = 0. 000 ） persons. Cataract was still the first leading cause of blindness. Un-corrected refractive error also was the main cause of visual impairment. Conclusions The prevalence of blindness a

关 键 词：盲 视觉障碍 白内障 患病率 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]