我国九省眼病调查中云南省泸西县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤患病率及致病原因调查  

Prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Luxi County of Yunnan Province： the China Nine-Province Survey

作　　者：蔡宁[1] 袁援生[1] 赵家良[2] 钟华[1] Leon B.Ellwein 陈苗苗[1] 旦爱华[4] 孙鹏[1] 罗廷浩[1] 王羽[5] 高学成[5] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院眼科,650032 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院眼科 [3]美国国家眼科研究所 [4]大理医学院附属医院眼科 [5]国家卫生部医政司

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2013年第9期801-806,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的了解云南省泸西县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率及致病原因。方法以人群为基础的横断面调查。2006年9月至2007年1月对云南省泸西县50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查。采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点，正式现场调查之前先进行预试验，并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验。根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象。按年龄、性别和受教育程度分别计算受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率，并判断受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的原因。采用X^2检验、趋势X^2检验进行各数据间的比较。结果在检录的5575人中，5151人接受并完成了检查，受检率为92．39％。以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类为标准，以最佳矫正视力计算，50岁及以上人群中盲255例，患病率为4．95％，中、重度视力损伤490例，患病率为9．51％；以日常生活视力计算，盲278例，患病率为5．40％，中、重度视力损伤816例，患病率为15．84％。以最佳矫正视力计算，高龄（趋势X^2=1349．21，P=0．000）和文盲（趋势X^2=203．55，P=0．000）人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率增高。白内障是盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因。可以治疗的盲人占所有盲人的93．89％。结论云南省泸西县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率在我国九省眼病调查结果中最高，表明该区的防盲治盲工作还有待于加强。白内障依然是导致盲和中。Objective To investigate the prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged ≥ 50 years in Luxi County of Yunnan Province, China. Methods It was a population-based cross-section study. Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5575 individuals aged ≥50 years in Luxi County. The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out. All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits. Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination. Prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was calculated according to different age, gender or education. And the reasons of blindness were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software, release 9. 0. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age, gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity. Results Five thousands five hundreds and seventy-five individuals were enumerated and 5151 persons were examined,the response rate was 92. 39%. Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best cmTected visual acuity was 4. 95 % （255/5151 ） and 9. 51% （490/ 5151） ,respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 5.40% （ 278/5151 ） and 15.84% （ 816/5151 ） , respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged （ X^2 = 1349.21, P = 0. 000 ） , illiterate（ X^2 = 203.55,P = 0. 000） persons. Cataract was still the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment. Conclusions The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment is highest in China Nine-Provonce Smwey among older adult

关 键 词：盲 视觉障碍 白内障 患病率 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]