长期力量训练后老年人骨密度变化特征  

Changing Characteristics of Bone Mineral Density after Chronic Strength Training in Elderly

作　　者：陈金鳌[1] 杨帆[2] 陆阿明[3] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学体育学院,江苏常州213164 [2]山西省肿瘤医院骨科,山西太原030013 [3]苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2013年第7期74-78,共5页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11BTY045)

摘　　要：目的:研究对老年男女人群长期规律性力量训练干预后,其身体不同部位骨密度(BMD)的变化特征,为特殊人群科学健骨运动处方的制定提供科学依据。方法:选取老年健康男女自愿者各35名组成2个实验组,对下肢先后实施了传统力量训练和振动力量训练计划。分别在实验前、传统力量训练结束、以及振动力量训练结束后测量所有受试者腰椎(L2-L4)及股骨颈、Wards三角、大转子的BMD。采用重复测量方差分析和事后多重比较检验考察各组实验数据间的差异。结果:传统力量训练结束后,老年男性股骨颈、Wards三角、大转子等部位的BMD有所提高,老年女性各测量部位的BMD均无明显改变,L2-L4椎体BMD的变化无性别差异;振动力量训练结束后,老年男性和老年女性各测量部位的BMD均有显著性增长,其中L2-L4椎体、Wards三角和大转子BMD的增幅无性别差异,老年男性股骨颈BMD的增幅较老年女性偏高;此外,各测试部位BMD在振动力量训练后的增长幅度明显高于传统力量训练,无性别差异。结论:长期传统力量训练有助于提高老年男性股骨近端区域的骨密度;长期振动力量训练能显著提升老年男女腰椎及股骨近端区域的骨密度,且对骨密度增长的促进效应明显优于传统力量训练,无性别差异。Objective： To determine the effects of chronic strength training on regional bone density（BMD） in older men and women,to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of exercise prescription for special population.Methods： Selected older men（n = 35） and women（n = 35） randomly to form two groups,who participated in a traditional strength training（TST） followed another vibration strength training（VST） program for lower limbs.L2-L4 spine BMD,femoral neck BMD,Ward＇s triangle BMD and greater trochanter BMD were determined before and after TST and VST.Compared and analyzed the differences between each set of data by One-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons Test.Results： After TST,there was a increase in BMD at the femoral neck,ward＇s triangle and greater trochanter of older men,while that of older women did not change and no gender differences in BMD at L2-L4 spine.After VST,there was a significant increase in BMD at each part of older men and women,and only increasing range of BMD at femoral neck was greater in older men than women;besides,increasing range of BMD at each part was greater after VST than TST,which were no gender differences.Conclusion： Chronic TST was more conductive to improving BMD of the femoral region in older men,while Chronic VST could significantly improve BMD of spine and femoral region in older men and women.VST has better positive effects on BMD than TST,and there are no gender differences.

关 键 词：老年 性别 传统力量训练 振动力量训练 骨密度 

分 类 号：G812.48[文化科学—体育学]