汉语工具动量词的历时考察及成因探析  

A Diachronic Investigation and the Formation of Chinese Instrumental Verbal Measure Words

作　　者：过国娇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海金融学院国际交流学院,上海201209 [2]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200234

出　　处：《黄山学院学报》2013年第4期64-69,共6页Journal of Huangshan University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(12YJC740028);上海市哲学社会科学规划青年项目(2010EYY001)

摘　　要：工具动量词作为动量词系统中的一种比较特殊的类型,萌芽于先秦,定型于魏晋南北期,经过唐宋至明清几百年的发展完善,其语义类别与句法功能等在现当代已趋成熟,并呈现出鲜明的附加语义特征。工具动量词的产生主要受到语言表达的经济原则及语用类推的驱使,同时也具有深刻的认知基础。由工具名词借用为工具动量词经历了一个"从实体到事件"的转喻过程。As a special kind of verbal measure words, instrumental verbal measure words germinated in pre-Qin period, stereotyped in the Wei, the Jin and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and through several hundred years of development from the Tang and the Song to the Ming and the Qing Dynasties, have been well developed in the modern and contemporary times in their semantic categories and syntactic functions, showing distinct additional semantic features. The formation of instrumental verbal measure words is mainly motivated by the economic principle of language using and pragmatic analogy. In addition, there is also a profound cognitive motivation. Actually, the phenomenon of instrumental nouns used as instrumen- tal verbal measure words is a process of metonymy from ＂entity to event＂.

关 键 词：工具动量词 演变 动因 转喻 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]