自闭症儿童整体-局部范式下的负启动效应  

Negative Priming under the Global-Local Paradigm in Children with Autism

作　　者：蔡勇刚[1] 杜晓新[1] 张伟锋[1] 邱天龙[1] 张雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学言语听觉科学教育部重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2013年第9期40-45,共6页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：研究采用三因素混合实验设计,探究12-17岁自闭症儿童在整体-局部范式下的负启动效应,借此考察自闭症儿童认知加工特点和抑制功能。结果发现:(1)自闭症儿童对于启动刺激的反应时间长于普通被试,在注意整体条件下反应时显著长于注意局部条件,呈现出对客体整体加工的不足,普通被试对于注意整体条件下的反应显著快于注意局部条件,表现出认知加工中整体优势效应,自闭症儿童在注意局部条件下与普通被试则无显著差异;(2)普通被试在注意整体条件下出现显著的负启动效应,在其它条件下均未发现显著的负启动效应。结果表明自闭症儿童存在整体加工缺陷和抑制能力障碍,并没有产生局部增强的加工偏向。This study, by conducting a three-factor experiment, aims to explore the negative priming from autistic children aged 12-17 under the global-local paradigm, as well as their cognitive processing and inhibitory functions. The results show the following： （1） The autistic children spend a longer time on the reaction to the started stimulus than the normal children, and a longer time on the attention to the global condition than on the attention to the local condition, unlike the normal children, who spend a shorter time on the attention to the global condition than on the attention to the local condition; the two groups of children show no significant differ- ence in their attention to local condition. （2） The normal children show significantly negative priming merely dur- ing their attention to the global condition. The results show that autistic children have defects in global processing and inhibitory functions, and no bias in enhanced local processing.

关 键 词：自闭症 负启动 整体加工 局部加工 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]