超声波辅助萃取油菜花挥发油及其化学成分的气质联用分析  

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Oil from Rape Flowers

作　　者：杨月云[1] 王小光[1] 周娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]周口师范学院化学系,河南周口466001

出　　处：《食品科学》2013年第18期98-102,共5页Food Science

基　　金：周口师范学院青年科研基金项目(zksyqn201320A);周口师范学院大学生科研创新基金项目(zksydxs2013017)

摘　　要：为研究油菜花挥发成分,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验确定超声波辅助萃取油菜花的最佳工艺条件,即:超声萃取时间20min、超声频率60kHz、料液比l:40(g/mL),此条件下,得油率为8.12%。利用气相色谱-质谱联用法对油菜花挥发成分进行分析。共检测出116多种成分,鉴定并确定出其中75种化合物(未见文献报道),被鉴定物质相对含量占挥发成分总量的94.29%,其主要化合物为正四十四烷(31.67%)、正三十六烷(31.24%)、亚麻酸(12.00%)、棕榈酸(5.81%)、肉豆蔻酸(香料0.85%)、月桂酸(0.54%)、γ-亚麻酸(0.54%)、二十二碳六烯酸(0.53%)、异硫氰酸丁烯酯(0.2%)等。The volatile oil of rape flower was extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction method and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS. Using an orthogonal array design, we determined the optimal extraction conditions to be 20 rain, 60 kHz and 1：40 （g/mL） for extraction time, ultrasound frequency and solid-to-solvent ratio, respectively. The maximum yield of volatile oil under the optimized conditions was 8.12%. A total of 116 compounds were detected in the volatile oil, of which 75 were identified for the first time, accounting for 94.29% of the total volatile compounds. The major compounds identified were tetratetracontane （31.67%）, hexatriacontane （31.24%）, linolenic acid （12.00%）, n-hexadecanoic acid （5.81%）, tetradecanoic acid （0.85%）, dodecanoic acid （0.54%）, gamolenic acid （0.54%）, doconexent （0.53%）, and allyl isothiocyanate （0.2%）.

关 键 词：油菜花挥发油 超声波辅助萃取 气相色谱-质谱法 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]