短时距估计中的心理影响因素  

Psychological Influence Factors of Short Duration Estimation

作　　者：刘瑞光[1] 

机构地区：[1]盐城师范学院教育科学学院,盐城224002

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第5期1054-1057,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：盐城师范学院教授;博士基金项目的资助

摘　　要：使用单任务研究程序,预期式研究范式,以产生时距作为反应指标,通过两个实验考察短时距估计中的间断位置、间断时距和提示线索效应,探讨产生时距与等待时距的关系问题,揭示注意和间断期望对短时距估计的影响。研究结果表明,间断实验中表现出极其显著的提示线索效应,间断位置(等待时距)效应显著,间断时距效应及间断位置与间断时距的交互效应不显著。由此得出:(1)注意是影响被试时间判断的主要因素,被试的产生时距随着等待时距的增加而延长。(2)被试对间断的期望显著地影响其时间估计行为,无间断实验条件下,间断期望有损于时间估计。Based on previous theories and studies, we selected the prospective paradigm and creatively used the single - task program in this research. Two experiments were conducted with a geometric stimulus presented in a VGA monitor in the visual mode. The stimu- lus was moving from the original locus to the final locus on the screen, during which time the stimulus was interrupted at some position and then a few secondslater the movement was recovered, so the target durations （10s in expl, ls -6s in exp2） containing a break were formed randomly. The subjects were asked to produce duration estimation by pressing the corresponding key if they felt the time thatthe movement of the stimulus took was proportional to the target duration in the study. The interrupted duration （ also called break duration） implied that the subjects shifted theirattention from temporal processing to non -temporal processing; and the break position, which was equal to the waiting duration, reflectedthe subjects＇ expectation of a break in timing a task of pre - cue offered conditions. So mainly by controlling the independent variables such as break position （ waiting duration）, break duration and pre - cue factor （ if of- fered in the experiment）, we aimed to explore the roles which attention and expectation of a break have played in the subjects in an in- terruptedtiming processing task, and also the relationship between the value of duration production and break positions. A set of two - way （or three -way） repeated analysis of variance （ANOVA） were conducted on the average of duration estimations, and the results showed that the effect of break position （waiting duration） and the pre - cue factor was significant; the effect of break duration and the combined effect of break duration and the break position were not significant. Linear prediction between the value of duration production and break positions was not acquired in the research. Thus two main conclusions are drawn as follows ： （ 1 ） Attention is an im

关 键 词：时距估计 注意 期望 提示线索 

分 类 号：B84-0[哲学宗教—基础心理学]