SNARC效应:现状、理论及建议  

SNARC Effect: Current Research,Theories and Suggestions

作　　者：康武[1] 杨敏[1] 王丽平[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学师范学院,深圳518060

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第5期1242-1248,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：SNARC效应是当对数字进行奇偶判断时,即使数的奇偶性与数的大小无关,但右手(左手)对相对大(小)的数的反应快。首先介绍SNARC效应的起源和理论解释,然后总结SNARC效应的特性,论述SNARC效应和Simon效应以及MARC效应的关系,并对SNARC效应的脑机制进行了概述,最后提出3个有待深入研究的问题:(1)SNARC效应的加工处理机制;(2)SANRC效应的理论探索;(3)SNARC效应的本质。In the processes of magnitude comparisons or parity judgments, the left （right） hand responds to small （large） numbers faster than the right （left） hand. Such association is known as the Spatial -Numerical Association of Response Codes （SNARC） eftect. This study first introduces the origin and theoretical explanations of the SNARC effect. These explanations arise mainly from the visuo - spatial coding and verbal - spatial coding aspects. The SNARC effect stems largely from visuo - spatial coding of magnitude （ e. g. , the mental number line hypothesis）. Dehaene et al. （1993） indicate that the numerical representation appears to be a line from left to right. Small numbers are represented on the left whereas large numbers on the right. The spatial position of a number is activated au- tomatically when you see this number. The spatial position of numerical representation corresponds to the position of the left - right coor- dinates of external space in the visuo - spatial frame. The number on the left responds faster when pressing the left button. Meanwhile, the number on the right responds faster when pressing the right button. Recently, many works began to challenge the visual spatial cod- ing theory （Fias, Dijek, ＆Gevers, 2011; Gevers, Verguts, Reyn,~oet, Caessens, ＆Fias, 2006; Proctor ＆ Cho, 2006）. They sugges- ted that with respect to the verbal - spatial frame, the SNARC effect results from a congruency between verbally coding numbers as small or large and verbally coding responses as left or right. Indeed, it is exactly this categorization of external space through verbal concepts such as ＂left,＂ ＂right,＂ ＂ above, ＂ or ＂below＂ that defines our conceptual coding of space. Such explanation is entitled verbal - space interpretation. These models include polarity coding theory, and dual route coding model. The fundamental difference between visuo - spatial and verbal - spatial coding arises from different views on whether the numerical mental representation is c

关 键 词：SNARC效应 极性编码理论 双通路理论 心理数字线 

分 类 号：B84-0[哲学宗教—基础心理学]