一起盐酸克伦特罗导致食物中毒事件调查  

Survey on a Food Poisoning Incident Caused by Misuse or Human Poisoning of Clenbuterol

作　　者：刘如春[1] 张锡兴[1] 陈田木[1] 胡艳红 谢强明[1] 李亚曼[1] 胡伟红[1] 胡世雄[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省长沙市疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410001 [2]长沙市岳麓区疾病预防控制中心 [3]湖南省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2013年第9期1094-1096,1091,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅科研课题(B2012-138);长沙市科技局科研课题(K1205028-31)

摘　　要：目的调查造成长沙市某镇食物中毒的原因,为采取针对性的防控措施提供依据。方法采用统一的病例定义和调查问卷进行现场个案调查,根据现场调查资料初步确定可疑餐次、可疑食物等危险因素,并开展现场卫生学调查以掌握可疑食物的制作过程中存在的可疑环节。采用实验室检验检测技术对可疑剩余食品、病例呕吐物、血液进行实验室检查。综合患者流行病学史、临床表现体征及实验室检查结果,确定该起食物中毒的原因。结果本次事件共有病例91例,罹患率约为4.50%(91/2 020)。病人以呕吐、恶心、心悸、头晕、手脚抖动、乏力、头痛为主。病例潜伏期最短数分钟,最长3 h,中位数为40 min。调查结果显示进食4月23日晚餐以及进食该晚餐的发肉杂烩是造成本次事件的可疑餐次和可疑食物。采集的病例呕吐物、血液、发肉杂烩标本中检出盐酸克伦特罗,其它标本中未检出。结论此次事件为一起聚餐引起的盐酸克伦特罗食物中毒事件,中毒食物为4月23日晚宴提供的、制作加工好的成品菜"发肉杂烩"。Objective To investigate the causes leading to a human food poisoning in a town of Changsha, and provide a basis for making the targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Uniform case definition and questionnaires were used for field case studies. Suspicious meals, suspicious food and other risk factors were initially identified by the on - site survey and the suspicious production process of suspicious food was also investigated detailedly. The surplus food, and the vomit and blood of the cases were further tested with laboratory detection. With comprehensive consideration of the epidemiological history, clinical signs and symptoms, and the results of laboratory test, the causes of the food poisoning were determined. Results Ninety- one cases were involved in the incident, with the attack rate of 4.50% （91/2,020）. The eases mainly got with vomit- ing, nausea, palpitations, dizziness, hands and feet jitter, fatigue, and headache. The shortest incubation period was a few min- utes, and the longest reached to three hours, with a median of 40 minutes. Re.suits d the investigation showed that having dinner and having dinner with the meat chowder on April 23rd were the suspicious meals and food resulted in the incident. Clenbuterol hydrochloride was detected in the vomit and blood of the cases and the specimens of the meat chowder, but it was not detected in the other specimens. Conclusions The food poisoning incident was caused by a dinner included with clenbuterol hydrochlo- ride, and the meat chowder provided in the dinner on April 23rd was identified as the poisoning food.

关 键 词：盐酸克伦特罗 食物中毒 现场调查 婚宴 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]