摩梭女性和汉族女性的更年期症状与求医行为  

Somatic and psychological symptoms and help-seeking behaviors between Mosuo and Han Chinese women during climacteric stage

作　　者：张颖[1] 王继堃[2] 赵蕴晗[1] 赵旭东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学医学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学附属上海东方医院,上海200085

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2013年第9期686-691,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划--心理疾患防治研究与示范项目(2009BAI77B05)"我国家庭;婚姻亲子关系问题的综合筛查评估与干预示范研究"

摘　　要：目的：探讨摩梭女性和汉族女性更年期的躯体和心理症状、疾病观念与求医行为的不同特点及相关因素.方法：在云南省选取40～60岁的摩梭女性51人、汉族女性47人.用一般情况调查表、改良Kupperman评分法（KMI）[评估更年期症状（其中含一项评估抑郁情绪的条目）]及疾病观念与求医行为自评问卷（SSICHSB）进行调查.结果：摩梭女性抑郁情绪检出率低于汉族女性（52.9％ vs.62.2％,P＜0.05）,改良KMI和SSICHSB的“求医方式与行为”因子分也低于汉族女性[（13.3±7.0） vs.（16.6±8.5）,（10.9±2.4）vs.（12.1±2.1）；均P＜0.05].相关分析显示,摩梭女性的改良KMI分与家庭收入呈负相关（r=-0.32）,而汉族女性的改良KMI分与“成年时期对疾病与健康的观念和态度”得分呈正相关（r=0.36）.多元线性回归提示,汉族（β=0.24,P＜0.05）,教育程度越低（β=-0.24,P＜0.05）,则改良KMI得分越高（R2 =0.083）.结论：本研究提示,摩梭女性的更年期症状较轻,抑郁情绪较少,更倾向于相信疾病的产生与康复和自身努力关系不大.Objectives：To assess the characteristics of somatic and psychological symptoms,illness perceptions,and help-seeking behaviors of Mosuo and Han Chinese women in the menopausal transition in Yunnan Province,and to explore the relationship among the above mentioned variables and related factors.Methods：Fifty-one Mosuo and 47 Han women aged 40-60 years were included and assessed with a self-designed social demographic questionnaire,the modified Kupperman Menopause Index （modified KMI）,which was for the evaluation of the climacteric symptoms （including the depressive mood）,and the Self-Rating Scale of Illness Conception and Health Seeking Behavior （SSICHSB）.Results：Compared with the Han women during the climacteric,the rate of reported depressive mood was lower in Mosuo women （52.9％ vs.62.2％,P ＜0.05）,and the mean score of the modified Kupperman Menopause Index in Mosuo group were lower than that in Han Chinese women [（13.3 ± 7.0） vs.（16.6 ± 8.5）,P ＜ 0.05）].Mosuo women also scored lower in dimension of ＂help-seeking methods and behaviors＂[（10.9 ±2.4） vs.（12.1 ±2.1）,P ＜0.05）].According to the correlation analysis,the score of the modified Kupperman Menopause Index in Mosuo group was negatively correlated with household income （r =-0.32） ; while in Hart women group,the score of the modified Kupperman Menopause Index was positively correlated with the score of ＂attitude and conception towards health and disease in the adulthood＂ （r =0.36）.Multiple linear regression showed that women who were Han Chinese （β =0.24,P ＜0.05）,or with lower educational level （β =-0.24,P ＜0.05） tended to have higher scores in modified KMI （R2 =0.083）.Conclusion：In this study,Mosuo women show less depressive mood and milder climacteric symptoms as compared to Han women,and tend to believe that there is no relationship between personal efforts and rehabilitation.

关 键 词：摩梭 更年期症状 疾病观念 求医行为 跨文化 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R749.42[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] B844.5[医药卫生—临床医学]