黄菖蒲有机酸组分对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用  

Allelopathic Effect of Organic Acids from Iris pseudacorus L. on Microcystis aeruginosa

作　　者：陈国元[1] 李青松[1] 唐凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门理工学院水资源环境研究所,福建厦门361024

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第9期26-30,65,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金科技项目(2012J05080);福建省教育厅A类项目资助(JA12257)

摘　　要：采用液液萃取的方法得到黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus L.)水浸提液的有机酸组分,抑藻实验表明高浓度有机酸组分对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)的生长具有明显的抑制作用,表现为添加1和2 mL有机酸组分时,第6天铜绿微囊藻生物量显著降低,培养过程中,铜绿微囊藻的叶绿素a含量逐渐减少,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量呈现先增加后逐渐降低的趋势,表明有机酸组分能够明显抑制铜绿微囊藻SOD的活性,引起细胞的氧化损伤,促进叶绿素的分解,从而导致藻类死亡。通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对有机酸组分进行分析,鉴定出24种有机酸类物质,其中包括15种脂肪酸类物质和9种酚酸类物质。根据总离子流图中各物质的峰面积得到脂肪酸类物质的相对含量为19.01%,其中相对含量超过1%的有琥珀酸、辛酸、软脂酸、丁酸和戊酸;酚酸类物质的相对含量为16.98%,其中相对含量超过1%的有苯甲酸、苯乙酸、苯丙酸、氢化肉桂酸和苯乙酸甲酯。The organic acids fraction was of tained from aqueous leachates of Iris pseudacorus L. by liquid-liquid extraction. Algicidal experiments showed that the organic acids fraction inhibited significantly the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa. After 6 days incubation, the biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa decreases sharply with the addition of 1 and 2 mL organic acids from Iris pseudacorus L. respectively. During the incubation period, chlorophyll-a content of Microcystis aeruginosa was gradually decreased, whereas SOD activities and MDA content showed increase initially and decrease gradually thereafter, which demonstrated that the organic acids fraction from Iris pseudacorus L. effectively inhibited SOD activities of Microcystis aeruginosa, induced the oxidative damage to cells and eventually facilitated chlorophyll degradation of Microcystis aeruginosa. The organic acids fraction was further analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and a total of 24 organic acids were identified, including 15 fatty acids and 9 phenolic acids. The relative percentage content of fatty acids was 19.01% which was obtained according to the peak areas in the total ion chromatogram of organic acids fraction, and the relative percentage contents of butanedioic acid, octanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, butanoic acid and pentanoic acid were more than 1%. The relative percentage content of phenolic acids was 16.98%, and relative percentage content of benzoic acid, benzeneacetic acid, benzenepropanoic acid, hydrocinnamic acid and methylester were more than 1%.

关 键 词：黄菖蒲 有机酸 铜绿微囊藻 化感作用 超氧化物歧化酶 丙二醛 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]