美国博士生培养的理念与制度  

The Philosophy and Institution of Doctoral Advising in U.S.A

作　　者：王东芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学教育科学学院,天津300387

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2013年第9期54-60,共7页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(13YJC880061);北京市教育科学"十二五"规划课题(CDA11090);天津师范大学博士基金资助项目(52WW1205)

摘　　要：美国博士生培养模式被誉为世界博士生教育改革的"金本位",被越来越多的国家所效仿。从理念看,美国博士生培养形成了注重通识性和结构化课程训练、将博士生教育与科研紧密结合的理念。其制度特色主要有三个方面:研究生院制度、结构化的培养程序及以导师为主的委员会制度。中国可通过强化博士教育课程、鼓励跨学科培养博士生、实施以导师为主的委员会制度等方面推进博士生教育改革。American doctoral advising model is known as the gold standard in the reform of doctoral education all over the world. The main characteristics of the philosophy of doc-toral advising in U. S are： structured curriculum with emphasize on liberal education; doctor-al education is closely related with research. In addition, we argue that graduate school, structured advising process and committee system are the core of advising institution. We al-so suggested that Chinese doctoral education can be reformed by strengthening curriculum, fostering interdisciplinary training, promoting advising committee system and etc.

关 键 词：博士教育 研究生院 指导委员会 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学] G643[文化科学—教育学]