应急交通疏散中的逆向车道操作方法  

Contraflow Operation in Emergency Traffic Evacuation

作　　者：周亚飞[1] 蔡靖[1] 程霄楠[1] 谢天生[1] 

机构地区：[1]交通运输部水运科学研究院安全与应急技术研究中心,北京100088

出　　处：《科技导报》2013年第28期43-47,共5页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：逆向车道操作方法是应急交通疏散研究的重要课题。以元胞传输模型(CTM)理论为基础,以最小化总行程时间为目标函数,构建了逆向车道操作数学模型。将模型应用于实例,利用MathProg语言和Lp_solve求解器对模型进行数值求解,利用微观交通仿真软件VISSIM对疏散过程进行微观仿真,并通过数值结果与仿真结果的比较,对模型进行了验证,从而使应急交通疏散的研究更贴近于实际情况。研究结果表明,该模型的逆向车道操作方法可显著提高疏散路网容量和疏散效率。Contraflow operation is an important measure in the emergency traffic evacuation. Based on the theory of the cell transmission model （CTM）, a contraflow operation model is built with the total travel time as the objective function. With the numerical solution and the microscopic traffic simulation methods combined,, the contraflow operation model is solved numerically with MathProg language and Lp_solve solver, the evacuation process is simulated microscopically using the microscopic traffic simulation software VISSIM. The numerical results and the simulation results are compared to make the model closer to the actual situation. The results show that the contraflow operation can significantly improve the road network capacity and the evacuation efficiency.

关 键 词：应急交通疏散 逆向车道操作 元胞传输模型 数值求解 微观交通仿真 

分 类 号：U491.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]