地铁车辆车轮多边形的机理分析  

Mechanism of the Polygonal Wear of Metro Train Wheels

作　　者：李伟[1] 李言义[2] 张雄飞[2] 温泽峰[1] 吴磊[1] 邓铁松[1] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛266111

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2013年第18期17-22,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51105318);教育部创新团队(IRT1178);南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司资助项目

摘　　要：调查分析某地铁车辆车轮多边形磨损的产生机理。通过现场测试和数值仿真对地铁车辆车轮多边形磨损来源进行调查分析。根据车轮多边形的特征,对车辆零部件和轨道系统关键部件的固有特性进行测试分析,尤其对轮对模态进行数值计算和试验验证。现场测试和数值计算结果初步表明,车辆轮对的一阶弯曲共振频率与车轮多边形的通过频率相近,车辆运行时轮轨表面不平顺激发了轮对的一阶弯曲共振,是导致车轮多边形磨损的主要原因。为验证车辆轮对一阶弯曲共振对车轮多边形磨损现象的影响,对车辆轮对轮轴进行加粗改造,并进行现场运营试验和跟踪测试分析,结果发现轮对轮轴加粗可以有效地减缓轮对一阶弯曲共振导致的车轮多边形磨损现象。The polygonal wear mechanism of metro train wheels is investigated. An investigation is carried out through a detailed field measurement and a numerical analysis. Based on characteristics of the wheel polygonal wear measured from the sites, a series of measurements on the dynamical characteristics of the track and vehicle components are designed and implemented. The modal results of a wheelset are calculated by using the finite element method, and they approximately tally with the measurement results. The results investigated indicate a passing frequency of the polygonal wear is very close to the first bending modal frequency of the wheelset. The first bending resonance of the wheelset excited by vehicle-track interaction plays a key role in the initiation and development of the polygonal wear. To verify the polygonal wear mechanism that should be attributed to the first bending resonance of the wheelset, an experiment is carded out through increasing the diameter of the wheelset axles in service. The experiment results show that the thicker axle of the wheelset can reduce the polygonal wear of the wheels effectively.

关 键 词：地铁车辆 轮对 多边形磨损 弯曲共振 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]