大学生面众恐惧现状调查与矫治对策——基于西南地区的实证分析  

A Status Survey on Undergraduates' Facing-Audience Communication Apprehension in Southwest China and Its Countermeasures

作　　者：王洪礼[1] 邹维兴[1] 潘运[1] 袁宜[1] 谢玲平[1] 赵向霞[1] 余昭琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学教育科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《教育研究》2013年第10期134-141,155,共9页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学一般项目"大学生面众恐惧现状与矫治对策研究"(项目编号:BBA100019)的研究成果。课题组组长与首席专家:王洪礼。

摘　　要：面众恐惧是个体的心理体验,对人的情绪情感、行为方式、人际关系、创新能力和创新精神的充分焕发等都会产生负面影响。面众恐惧在大学生中较为普遍,通过在西南四省(市)12所高校采用分层随机抽样方法对大学生进行面众恐惧调查,结果表明,西南地区99.9%的大学生有面众恐惧,主要表现在四个方面,一是严重的面试恐惧,占99.5%;二是团组与校外交流恐惧,占99.3%;三是上台恐惧,占97.7%;四是办事恐惧,占95.3%。面众恐惧程度在性别、年级、专业、是否独生子女、家庭经济状况和父母文化程度上存在显著差异。应加强对大学低年级学生的积极引导,对高年级学生开展有针对性的培训,引导大学生改变自己的认知偏差,在青少年成长过程中加强面众成功的多方面训练,努力提升其综合素质,预防面众恐惧。Facing-audience communication apprehension （FACA） is a kind of individual＇s psychological experience, which will bring negative effects on people＇s emotion, behavior style, interpersonal relationship, the development of innovative ability and spirit, etc. FACA is comparatively widespread in undergraduates. With stratified random sampling on the status quo of FACA of the undergraduates in 12 colleges and universities in four provinces in Southwest of China, it is found out that 99.9% undergraduates of southwest of China have the FACA. There are four different aspects. Firstly, 99.5% of the undergraduates have the serious interview apprehension; secondly, 99.3% of the undergraduates have the fear of communication in groups or outside school; thirdly, 97.7% of the undergraduates have the apprehension of speaking on the stage; fourthly, 95.3% of the undergraduates have the apprehension of handling affairs. The degree of apprehension of facing audience differs significantly according to the gender, grade, major, only-child or not, family economic status and parents education. We should reinforce the active guidance for the students in lower grades, carry out targeted training for undergraduates in higher grades, lead the students to change their cognitive bias, and develop training in various ways in the growing process of adolescents, so as to improve their comprehensive quality and prevent the FACA.

关 键 词：西南地区大学生 面众恐惧 心理健康 素质教育 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]