饲粮代谢能水平对北京油鸡屠宰性能和肌内脂肪含量的影响  

Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy Level on Carass Performance and Intramuscular Fat Content of Beijing You Chickens

作　　者：白洁[1,2] 陈继兰[1] 李冬立[1] 岳文斌[2] 郑麦青[1] 赵桂苹[1] 文杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]山西农业大学动物科技学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2013年第10期2266-2276,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：北京市科技计划课题"特色油鸡生态循环产业链示范体系"(D121100003612001);国家肉鸡产业技术体系(CARS-42);中央财政支农专项资金"北京油鸡高效生产配套技术示范推广"

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能水平对不同脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白（A-FABP）基因型北京油鸡屠宰性能和肌内脂肪（IMF）含量的影响.选择体重相近的42日龄北京油鸡公鸡480只,随机分成4组（每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡）,采用3层阶梯式笼养,分别饲喂代谢能为11.76、12.39、13.02和13.65 MJ/kg的饲粮（Ⅰ～Ⅳ组）.试验期48 d.试验结束后,所有鸡只全部宰杀,测定屠宰性能;每个重复随机选取7只鸡,翅静脉采血,据A-FABP基因外显子1第51位碱基C→T突变进行基因分型,即未突变型（MM）、杂合型（MN）和突变型（NN）,并测定IMF含量.结果表明：1）Ⅲ组（13.02 MJ/kg代谢能组）北京油鸡的活体重、屠体率、全净膛率显著高于Ⅰ组（11.76 MJ/kg代谢能组）和Ⅱ组（12.39 MJ/kg代谢能组）（P＜0.05）,但与Ⅳ组（13.65 MJ/kg代谢能组）无显著差异（P＞0.50）.2）13.65 MJ/kg代谢能组北京油鸡腹脂率分别是11.76、12.39、13.02 MJ/kg代谢能组的1.65、2.43和2.50倍,差异显著（P＜0.05）;与中等代谢能（12.39和13.02 MJ/kg）相比,高代谢能（13.65 MJ/kg）可增加NN北京油鸡的腹脂率,但对MM和MN无显著影响（P＞0.10）.3）12.39 MJ/kg代谢能组北京油鸡胸肌IMF含量分别是11.76、13.02和13.65 MJ/kg代谢能组的1.35、1.34和1.32倍,差异显著（P＜0.05）,后3组间差异不显著（P ＞0.05）;MM北京油鸡腿肌IMF含量和脂肪组织中A-FABP基因mRNA表达水平显著高于MN和NN（P＜0.05）,且A-FABP基因mRNA表达水平与腿肌IMF含量和基因型均存在显著相关性（P＜0.01）.由此可见,13.02 MJ/kg代谢能饲粮提高了7～13周龄北京油鸡的活体重、屠体率和全净膛率;13.65 MJ/kg代谢能饲粮增加了北京油鸡的腹脂率,尤其是A-FABP基因外显子1第51位碱基C→T突变的北京油鸡,但未提高肌肉IMF含量.This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy （ME） level on carcass performance and intramuscular fat content in pectoral and leg muscles of Beijing You chickens with different genotypes of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein （A-FABP） gene.Four hundred and eighty 42-dayold male Beijing You chickens were allotted to 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 birds per replicate,and fed with diets containing 11.76,12.39,13.02 and 13.65 MJ/kg ME （group I to group Ⅳ）.All birds were reared in three layer ladder-cages for 48 days.At 90 days of age,all birds were killed and carcass performance was analyzed.Seven birds from one replicate were randomly selected,and 10 mL blood was sampled from wing venous to detect single nucleotide polymorphism of A-FABP gene.There were 3 genotypes including homozygote （MM）,heterozygote （MN） and mutation （NN） according to C→T mutation at the 51 st base in exon 1 of A-FABP gene.The results showed as follows：1） the live body weight,dressing percentage,and eviscerated carcass percentage in group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ （P 〈0.05）,whereas were similar to those in group Ⅳ （P 〉 0.05）.2） The abdominal fat percentage of Beijing You chickens fed with the diet containing 13.65 MJ/kg ME was 1.65,2.42 and 2.50 fold of that of birds fed with the diet containing 11.76,12.39 and 13.02 MJ/kg ME,respectively （P 〈 0.05）.The higher ME （13.65 MJ/kg） significantly increased the abdominal fat percentage of Beijing You chickens with NN genotype as compared with the media ME （12.39 and 13.02 MJ/kg） groups （P 〈0.05）,but it had no significant effects on that of birds with MN and MM genotypes （P 〉0.05）.3） The intramuscular fat （IMF） content of Beijing You chickens fed with the diet containing 12.39 MJ/kg ME was 1.35,1.34 and 1.32 fold of that of birds fed with the diet containing 11.76,13.02 and 13.65 MJ/kg ME,respectively （P 〈0.05）,and there was n

关 键 词：北京油鸡 胴体性状 脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白 基因多态性 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]