亚慢性铅镉联合中毒对SD大鼠机体的病理损伤和抗氧化功能的影响  

Combined effects of sub-chronic exposure to lead and cadmium on the pathologic lesion and antioxidative functions of SD rats

作　　者：袁桂萍[1] 戴书俊[1,2] 殷中琼[2] 卢洪可[2] 王川[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学分析测试中心,成都610065 [2]四川农业大学动物医学院,雅安625014

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第10期1894-1900,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101860)资助

摘　　要：80只健康SD大鼠,随机分成3个实验组和1个对照组,每日对各实验组大鼠经口给予29.96 mg·kg-1、89.88 mg·kg-1和269.65 mg·kg-1铅镉混合溶液(硝酸铅与氯化镉混合溶于水),对照组自由饮水,持续灌胃90 d.结果显示,与对照组比较,各剂量组大鼠肝细胞和肾小管上皮细胞出现不同程度的颗粒变性、水泡变性和细胞坏死.同时,肝脏和肾皮质中超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-PX)活性、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性和还原型谷胱甘肽(Reduced glutathione,GSH)含量显著下降(P<0.01),丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.01),呈现明显的剂量-效应关系;血清中相应的酶活性、非酶类抗氧化剂含量以及丙二醛含量变化与肝组织和肾皮质中相一致.结果表明,长期低剂量铅镉联合染毒可引起大鼠肝脏和肾脏病理损伤,明显抑制SD大鼠肝脏和肾脏组织主要酶类和非酶类抗氧化剂的水平,显著降低动物机体的抗氧化能力,最终导致肝脏和肾脏功能受损.Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into three experiment groups and one control group. The rats in the three experiment groups were orally administrated with lead nitrate [ Pb （NO3 ）2 ] and cadmium chloride [CdC12.2.5H20] combined solution at the doses of 29. 96, 89. 88 and 269. 65 mg · kg-1 for 90 days respectively, and the rats in the control group were orally administrated with water. Compared with the control group, the hepatic cells and renal tubule epithelial cells showed granular degeneration, vacuolar degeneration and necrosis in the poisoning groups. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and catalase（ CAT）, the contents of reduced glutathione （GSH） in liver and renal cortex of rats in the poisoning groups were significantly lower than those in the control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Meanwhile, the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the poisoning groups increased remarkably （P 〈0.01 ）. At the same time, the changes of the enzyme activities and MDA content in rat serum were similar to those in the liver and renal cortex. The results suggest that lead nitrate and cadmium chloride of low-dose caused hepatic and renal pathological injury, and had a marked inhibitory effect on the antioxidant in hepatic and renal tissues, and significantly reduced oxidation resistance in SD rats.

关 键 词：铅镉 大鼠 病理学 抗氧化功能 肝脏 肾脏 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]