基于状态空间拆分重组的牵引异步电机闭环离散全阶转子磁链观测器  

A Novel Discretized Closed-Loop Full-Order Rotor Flux Observer for Induction Motor Based on Re-Organization of State Space

作　　者：赵雷廷[1] 刁利军[1] 董侃[1] 刘志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2013年第10期103-112,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2011BAG01B05);国家自然科学基金(U1134204);北京市交通行业科技(2012kj-030x)资助项目

摘　　要：针对一阶前向欧拉离散全阶转子磁链观测器在牵引变流器低开关频率工况下,当电机运行至中高速区段时存在离散误差大、观测结果发散不收敛的问题,本文提出了一种基于状态空间拆分重组的闭环离散全阶转子磁链观测器。以异步电机本身作为参考模型构建状态方程,将系数矩阵拆分为与电机同步频率及转差频率相关的动态系数矩阵和完全由电机参数构成的常量系数矩阵,继而重组状态空间。通过采用局部精确离散方法,获得全新的观测器离散模型,同时将定子电流作为系统输出,引入实际电流与观测电流的误差作为反馈校正,合理设计反馈增益矩阵,最终完成电机转子磁链的准确观测。模型仿真和实验结果验证了上述基于状态空间拆分重组的闭环离散全阶转子磁链观测器在电机运行全速度范围内具有良好的稳定性,且观测结果离散误差小、收敛速度快。The flux observer with l st-order forward Euler discretization approach shows large discretization error and divergent result, under the low switching-frequency range of traction converter. This paper presents a novel discretized closed-loop full-order rotor flux observer, which is based on the re-organization of state space and models according to the asynchronous motor itself. In the observer, the coefficient array is constructed between a dynamic coefficient array, which is related to synchronous frequency and slip frequency array, and a constant coefficient array, which is merely derived out of the motor parameters. The coefficient array is then applied into the re-organization of state space. With locally accurate discretization approach, a novel discretized observer is derived, whose output is stator current, taking the error between actual and observed currents as a value for feedback compensation. By designing carefully the feedback compensation array, an accurate observation of the rotor flux is achieved Simulated and experimental results testify the validity of the approach and model proposed, which shows excellent stability through the overall velocity range, with less discretized observation error and higher convergence rate.

关 键 词：全阶转子磁链观测器 离散误差 动态系数矩阵 常量系数矩阵 反馈增益矩阵 

分 类 号：U213.8[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]