高纯锗γ谱仪监测进出口水产品核污染的应用研究  

Application research of high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometer in nuclear pollution of import and export aquatic products

作　　者：李宾[1,2] 周德庆[2] 陆地 赵峰[2] 尚迪 任义广 耿金培 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [3]烟台出入境检验检疫局,山东烟台264001

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2013年第10期1735-1739,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK17B13);国家质量监督检验检疫总局科技计划项目(2012IK151);山东出入境检验检疫局科技计划项目(SK201038)

摘　　要：【目的】建立并应用高纯锗γ谱仪监测水产品中放射性核素的方法对山东口岸进出口水产品核污染情况进行监测,及时判断日本福岛核泄漏事故对我国进出口水产品质量安全产生的影响。【方法】样品经洗净、晾干,取其可食部分进行烘干、粉碎、装样预处理,用高纯锗γ谱仪进行放射性核素检测;然后随机选取3种137Cs阳性样品,制成3组平行样品进行测量,分别在0.5、1、2、4、6、8、12、18、36 h时保存图谱,用DSA-1000数字化谱仪进行解谱,用Genie 2000谱分析软件对所得图谱进行数据分析,得到不同时间内样品中各监测核素的比活度。【结果】测量时间<6 h时,随着测量时间延长,检测结果呈缓慢的递增趋势;检测时间>8 h后检测结果趋于稳定。在所检测的1127份样品中,放射性核素的检出率8.9%,涉及的放射性核素主要有134Cs、137Cs和110 mAg,其检出率分别为6.21%、5.15%和2.75%;137Cs的最高比活度为27.8 Bq/kg,134Cs的最高比活度为16.7 Bq/kg,所检测阳性样品中134Cs、137Cs、110 mAg的比活度远低于各国限量标准。【结论】高纯锗γ谱仪监测水产品核污染的检测时间以6～8 h为宜;日本福岛核泄漏事故后我国的进出口水产品尚未出现重大核污染现象,但仍需继续进行监测。[Objective ]The method of detecting radionuclide in aquatic products using high purity germanium （HPGe） gamma-ray spectrometer was established to monitor nuclear pollution situation of Shandong import and export aquatic goods and estimate the influence of Fukushima nuclear accident on aquatic products safety in our country. [Method]The samples were rinsed, dried in the air centering on the gamma-ray spectrometer. Three positive samples of 137Cs edible parts, crushed, packaged and finally detected by HPGe were randomly chosen to make into three parallel classes and de- tected for 0.5, 1,2,4,6,8,12,18,36 and 48 h, respectively. The altas was analyzed using DSA-1000 digital spectrometer and Genie 2000 software. Specific activity of nuclide in the samples at different time was obtained. [Result]When the detection time was 〈6 h, the detection results went up gradually as time went by and tended to be stable after 8 h. Among 1127 samples, the detection rate was 8.9%. The radionuclide was mainly mCs, ~37Cs and ,0 mAg in positive samples, in which detection rate was 6.21%, 5.15% and 2.75%. The highest specific activity value of ~37Cs and l^Cs was 27.8 Bq/kg and 16.7 Bq/kg, respectively. The specific activity value of l^Cs, ~37Cs and n0 mAg in the tested positive samples was far below the standard in different countries. [Conclusion]The optimum detection time was 6-8 h. After Fukushima nuclear accident, no severe pollution happened to import and export aquatic products in China, but it still needed to be monitored.

关 键 词：高纯锗Γ谱仪 水产品 放射性核素 比活度 

分 类 号：TS207.51[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]