主动式海洋钻井升沉补偿绞车设计与仿真研究  

Design and Simulation of Offshore Drilling Active Heave Compensation Drawworks

作　　者：黄鲁蒙[1] 张彦廷[1,2] 张磊[1] 齐明侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266555 [2]浙江大学流体传动及控制国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2013年第11期307-311,共5页Computer Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50875262);浙江大学开放基金项目(GZKF-201025)

摘　　要：研究海洋钻井优化控制问题,由于绞车与液压缸升沉补偿系统应共同完成,液压缸升沉补偿系统的初始投资与维护费用很高,而液压缸的最大行程等于所能补偿的最大升沉位移,导致当钻井平台的升沉位移超过液压缸行程时系统失效。为降低钻井成本、提高补偿位移的范围,提出一种主动式海洋钻井升沉补偿绞车方案,通过直接控制电动绞车正反转来实现补偿,从而将升沉补偿功能集成到绞车上,省去了液压缸补偿系统。然后建立逼近实际系统的补偿绞车控制模型。最后通过对模糊算法与传统PID控制性能的仿真对比,结果表明,前馈-模糊-PI控制器性能好,补偿效率满足工作要求,并证明补偿绞车方案是可行的,为系统的开发提供了依据。The initial investment and maintenance costs of traditional hydraulic cylinder heave compensation sys- tem is high. Its heave compensation displacement is limited because of finite hydraulic cylinder stroke. When the platform heave displaces over the stroke of hydraulic cylinder, the system failures. In order to reduce the drilling cost and improve the compensation displacement range, we proposed a design method of active heave compensation draw- works. A traditional drawwork was planned with active heave compensation function by controlling variable frequency motor to drive the drawwork drum rotate positively and negatively. Then, a control model close to real operation was built. At last, simulation comparison results between fuzzy and PID algorithm indicates that the feedforward-fuzzy-PI controller has high performance and meets the requirement of float drilling. It tests the validity of the scheme and pro- vides reference for the design of optimize.

关 键 词：海洋钻井 绞车 升沉补偿 模糊控制 仿真 

分 类 号：TE319[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]