道路拥挤收费在小城市的成功应用——以英国杜伦为例  

The Successful Implementation of Road Congestion Charge in a Small City: A Case Study of Durham, the UK

作　　者：邓涛涛[1] 冯苏苇[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学财经研究所 [2]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2013年第5期109-114,共6页Urban Planning International

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金"‘公交优先’战略下快速公交系统实施绩效的评价体系与方法研究"(41201102);上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题"基于非市场价值估计理论的城市交通政策绩效评价"(2009BCK002)共同资助

摘　　要：本文介绍了中文文献较少提及的道路拥挤收费在小城市中应用的实例。本文对英国第一个将拥挤收费付诸实施的城市——杜伦进行案例研究,分析了杜伦拥挤收费方案出台的历史背景、具体实施方案、相关配套措施以及实施后取得的效果。研究发现,杜伦在实施拥挤收费后,道路拥挤状况得到明显改善,公众对拥挤收费方案的支持率也显著提高。当前我国大城市由于种种原因,试行拥挤收费举步维艰,本文指出可在初期选择小城市的拥挤街道进行政策试点,减少政策风险,同时进行很好的经验积累。This paper introduces the case of road congestion charge applied in a small city, which is rarely discussed in China＇s literatures. The paper takes Durham as a case study, which is the first city to implement congestion charge in the UK. It analyzes the historical background of implementing the road congestion charge scheme, the specific implementation measures, the relevant supporting measures and consequent results. This study reveals that the road congestion condition has got clear improvement in Durham and the public support of congestion pricing schemes has also been significantly improved after the scheme was implemented in Durham. The paper points out that it is quite difficult to implement road congestion pricing in big cities due to certain problems. It might be better to implement the congestion pricing scheme in the crowded streets in small cities firstly, so as to avoid policy risk and get experience.

关 键 词：拥挤收费 小城市 杜伦 英国 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]