南极大西洋扇区南极磷虾渔获率序列的振荡模态分析  

Oscillation mode analysis on the time series of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba) catch rate in the Atlantic Sector of Antarctic Ocean

作　　者：杨晓明[1,2,3,4] 朱国平[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术中心,上海201306 [4]农业部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2013年第6期1274-1283,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD13B03);国家973计划项目(2012AA091802);国家海洋局极地科学重点实验室开放基金项目(KP201210);上海海洋大学“海鸥计划”项目(B-5003-11-0023)

摘　　要：为了解释南极大西洋扇区的48区南极磷虾（Euphausia superba）资源的多尺度振荡模态特征及其与环境振荡之间的响应关系，采用经验模态分解方法，对1982—2011年问的南极磷虾月均渔获率进行了分析。结果表明，其振荡表现出了0．5a、1a、1．5a、2．5a、7a和11a等多个周期，其中高频振荡对南极磷虾资源变动影响较大，低频振荡影响较小：3个亚区渔获率都为冬高夏低季节性振荡，48．1～48．3亚区最高值依次出现在5月、6月和9月，渔获率的最低值出现在1月；所有振荡周期中以1a为最主要振荡周期（方差解释率为46．7％），南极磷虾年补充规模对其渔获率最为重要；其2．5a振荡和海冰面积3．0a；振荡有关；渔获率低频振荡周期与气候．海流系统振荡周期有关。海冰面积和渔获率有较好的正相关关系（相关系数为O．44，位相差10个月）。海冰面积异常振荡会在8～l1个月之后对渔获率和渔获率异常产生的正相关影响。磷虾资源的振荡是环境振荡和磷虾生物周期综合作用的反映。As the key species in the Antarctic ecosystem, Antarctic krill （Euphausia superba）is one of the most important linkage in the food web. In this study, we made detailed quantitative analysis from the view of time sequence of oscillation characteristics of Antarctic krill resources. The biological and physical process is also combined to explain the reason that the oscillation of krill resources. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources （CCAMLR） area 48 in the Atlantic Sector of Antarctic Ocean also is the main fishing ground of Chinese Antarctic krill fishery. Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition （EMD） estimation, the present study analyzes the monthly catch rate of Antarctic krill fishery from 1982 to 2011 to explain the multi-time scale oscillation mode characteristics of Antarctic krill fishery and its response relationship to the environmental oscillation. The result show that the oscillation represent 0.5 a, 1 a, 1.5 a, 2.5 a, 7 a and nearly 11 a periodicities, in which high-frequency oscillation has a significant impact on the Antarctic krill abundance fluctuation. The catch rates of three subareas in CCAMLR area 48 all show seasonal oscillations, low oscillation in summer and high oscillation in winter can be found. The CPUE peak points appear in May, June and September in subareas 48.1（50°-70°W, 60°-65°S）, 48.2 （30°-50°W, 57°-64°S） and 48.3 （30°-50°W, 50°-57°S）, respectively. The CPUE is generally the lowest in January. The primary oscillation periodicity （the explanation rate of variance is 46.7%） is 1 a, and the annual recruitment size of Antarctic krill is the most important contribution of the catch rate. The secondary seasonal oscillation periodicity （the explanation rate of variance is 35.6%） is 0.5 a. The 1.5 a oscillation period can be considered as a synthesis result of two main high-frequency. The 2.5 a oscillation of catch rate is related to the 3.0 a oscillation of seaice coverage and the longer oscillation periodicit

关 键 词：南极磷虾 渔获率 振荡模态 经验模态分解 南极大西洋扇区 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]