花椰菜废弃茎叶中叶蛋白提取工艺的研究  

Study on the extraction technology of leaf protein from discarded broccoli stems and leaves

作　　者：汪建旭[1] 冯炜弘[1] 杨道兰[1] 王永林[1] 尹燕[1] 张艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州市农业科技研究推广中心,甘肃兰州730010

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2013年第22期253-256,284,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：甘肃省农业科技创新项目(GNCX-2012-2)

摘　　要：为了充分利用花椰菜废弃物,以花椰菜废弃茎叶为原料,分别采用直接加热法、酸沉淀法、碱沉淀法、酸热沉淀法、碱热沉淀法、酸絮凝剂法提取叶蛋白,得到花椰菜废弃茎叶叶蛋白提取最佳方法为酸絮凝剂法。在此基础上设计了料水比、pH、壳聚糖添加量三个因素进行酸絮凝剂法实验,并在单因素的基础上进一步设计正交实验。正交实验结果表明,酸絮凝剂法的最佳工艺条件为:料水比1∶4(g/mL),pH4.0,壳聚糖添加量0.4g/L。在此工艺条件下叶蛋白得率为14.79%,提取率为39.01%。该研究确定了花椰菜废弃茎叶叶蛋白提取的最佳工艺,为花椰菜废弃物的开发和利用提供了科学依据。In order to utilize efficiently broccoli wastes,a comparative investigation of the effectiveness of six extraction methods （heating ,acid extraction ,alkaline extraction, heating in an acidic environment, heating in an alkalinic environment,acid-flocculation） for discarded broccoli leaf protein was studied. The results showed that acid fiocculation was the optimal extraction condition. Three single factor such as material water ratio,pH value,chitosan concentration in acid fiocculation extraction experiment were designed. Through orthogonal test,results implicated that these optimal conditions were as follow.ratio of material to water 1：4（g/mL）,pH4.0, chitosan concentration 0.4g/L. Under this condition,the content of discarded broccoli leaf protein concentrates was 14.79% ,the extraction rate was 39.01%. The study determined the optimal extraction technology of leaf protein from discarded broccoli stems and leaves,which could provide the scientific basis for deeply exploiting and utilizing broccoli wastes.

关 键 词：花椰菜废弃物 叶蛋白 壳聚糖 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]