我观故我在?——从橡胶手错觉对自我身体所有权的探讨  

I See,therefore I Am?——A Perspective from Rubber Hand Illusion of Self Body-ownership

作　　者：周爱保[1] 朱婧[1] 夏瑞雪[1] 李世峰[1] 徐科朋[1] 张荣华[1] 蔡美君[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第6期1328-1332,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"自我边界的结构和功能及其神经基础"(31160204);西北师范大学知识与科技创新工程项目(NWNU-KJCXGC-SK0303-2)的资助

摘　　要：橡胶手错觉是一种能将非自我的肢体感知为自我的肢体的反应。继发现橡胶手错觉现象后,研究者通过操纵自变量以及观测不同的因变量,得到了大量新的研究结果。橡胶手错觉的出现与强度受到时间、空间和手姿势的影响,其产生机制为单纯的多感觉整合或多感觉整合与身体表征共同作用的结果。未来研究侧重于被试取样、研究策略以及医学领域中患者的认知神经康复和截肢病人的假肢控制等方面。The ‘rubber hand illusion’ is a perceptual phenomenon. In 1998 Botvinick and Cohen provided the first description of the rubber hand illusion. In the classical RHI experiment the subjects was seated with their left arm rested on the table. A standing screen was positioned beside the arm to hide it from the subject’s view while a realistic life-sized rubber hand was placed in front of the subject. The subjects’ eyes fixed on the artificial hand while experimenter used two small paintbrushes to stroke the rubber hand and the subject’s hidden hand, synchronizing timing as closely as possible. After a short period, subjects completed a two-part questionnaire and proprioceptive drift measure. （The result showed that）Subjects reported feeling a sense of ownership of the rubber hand and proprioceptive drift towards the rubber hand. Subsequent experiments have been done by researchers after the classical RHI experiment. The materials, stimuli presentation, participants selection and other aspects of the experiment have been improved in different ways. The change of the classical experiment resulted in a tremendous new findings. The mechanism of the RHI still needs more research. What we know is that there are two possible explanations on the RHI. First one involved the pure multisensory integration. Many researchers think that the rubber hand illusion reflected a three-way interaction between vision, touch, and proprioception. Second one considered the RHI is modulated by top-down influences originating from the representation of one’s own body and bottom-up processes of multisensory integration. Evidences suggested that RHI can be influenced by many factors. Firstly, the “spatial limits” is an important phenomenon in the RHI. If the distance between the rubber hand and the participant’s own hand was too larger, the strength of the rubber hand illusion was signi？cantly reduced. Secondly, the occurrence of RHI is affected by anatomical and postural constrains. If the dummy hand was placed in an ana

关 键 词：视觉 触觉 本体感觉 橡胶手错觉 多感觉整合 身体表征 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]