建构主义、功能主义抑或无目的论——重新理解教育目的  

Constructivism, functionalism or education with no purpose: reinterpreting purpose of education

作　　者：吕普生[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《教学研究》2013年第5期1-4,14,共5页Research in Teaching

摘　　要：在教育思想史上,有关教育目的的讨论主要有建构主义、功能主义和无目的论三种分析路径。建构主义教育观认为教育的目的是实现人自身的价值,它区分为人性发展目的论和幸福至上目的论。功能主义教育观认为教育的目的不在于人自身,而在于教育人所能实现的外在价值,它有可能是实现人的社会化、实现政治整合、经济发展或社会公平等等。教育无目的论认为教育的目的是获得更多更好的教育,在教育之外没有其它目的。尽管这三种分析路径的差异甚大,但它们是可以融通的,其共同指向都应该是"培养完善的人",这就是教育的最终目的。In the history of educational thoughts, there are mainly three analysis paths about the purpose of education which are 'Constructivism', 'Functionalism' and 'Education with no purpose'. In the view of 'Constructivism Education', the purpose of education is to realize person's own value. This analysis path include two branches, one believes that the purpose of education is to develop human's nature, the other claims that happiness is supreme. In the view of 'Functionalism Education', the purpose of education is what the person could realize outside themselves but not the person own. For example, we could realize human socialization,political integration, economic growth or social equality through education. In the view of the 'Education with no purpose', the purpose of education is to get more and better education, there is no other purpose besides education. Though there are many differences among those three analysis paths, they have a common point which is also the ulti mate target of education, it is to 'educate full development person'.

关 键 词：教育目的 建构主义教育观 功能主义教育观 教育无目的论 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]