稻米蛋白质及其4种组分含量的遗传研究  

Inherence of Contents of Protein and Four Protein Fractions from Rice Endosperm

作　　者：黄英金[1] 熊伟[2] 漆映雪[2] 刘宜柏[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,南昌 330045 [2]江西省农业厅,南昌 330046

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2000年第4期473-478,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金："国家早稻米质改良科技产业工程"江西分项研究

摘　　要：本文对稻米蛋白质及其 4种组分含量的遗传进行了研究。稻米蛋白质含量及清蛋白、球蛋白、谷蛋白含量在F1代表现偏低亲遗传 ,醇溶蛋白含量表现偏高亲遗传。但蛋白质含量及 4种组分含量的杂种优势变异程度大 ,且其母体显性方差达显著水平 ,故完全可利用其杂种优势 ,但应注意亲本的选配。另外 ,蛋白质 3种组分含量 (除清蛋白外 )的杂种优势对蛋白含量的杂种优势贡献大。稻米蛋白质含量及 4种组分含量受直接遗传效应、母体遗传效应影响大 ,受细胞质效应影响小 ,且这 5个性状的直接和母体遗传率均已达到显著水平 ,故这Studies on inherence of contents of protein and four protein fractions from rice endosperm were done. Protein content and absolute contents of albumin、globulin and glutelin of F 1 were inclined to that of higher parent but absolute content of prolamin were inclined to that of lower parent. But variation coefficients of heterosis of the five characters were great, and their maternal dominace variances were significant, so their heterosis could be used completely, but the choice of parents must be noticed firstly. Heterosis of absolute contents of globulin、prolamin and glutelin had great contributions to that of protein content. Genetic analysis was conducted for nutrient quality characters from rice endosperm by using a new genetic model for quantitative characters in creal crops. The results indicated that protein content and absolute contents of four protein fraction were greatly controlled by maternal genetic effects and endosperm genetic effects, little by cytoplasmic effects. Direct and maternal heritability of the five characters were significant, so selection was effective in the early generation.

关 键 词：稻米 蛋白质含量 蛋白质组分 遗传 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]